University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton Children’s Hospital, Paediatric Endocrinology, Hampshire, England
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, England
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2022 Dec 1;14(4):370-384. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2022-8-3. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
Childhood osteoporosis leads to increased propensity to fracture, and thus is an important cause of morbidity, pain and healthcare utilisation. Osteoporosis in children may be caused by a primary bone defect or secondary to an underlying medical condition and/or its treatment. Primary osteoporosis is rare, but there is an increasing number of children with risk factors for secondary osteoporosis. Therefore it is imperative that all paediatricians are aware of the diagnostic criteria and baseline investigations for childhood osteoporosis to enable timely referral to a specialist in paediatric bone health. This review will discuss the approach to diagnosis, investigation and management of childhood osteoporosis, with particular consideration to advances in molecular diagnosis of primary bone disorders, and current and emerging therapies for fracture reduction.
儿童骨质疏松症会增加骨折的易感性，因此是发病率、疼痛和医疗保健利用的重要原因。儿童骨质疏松症可能由原发性骨缺陷引起，也可能继发于潜在的疾病和/或其治疗。原发性骨质疏松症很少见，但有越来越多的儿童存在继发性骨质疏松症的危险因素。因此，所有儿科医生都必须了解儿童骨质疏松症的诊断标准和基线检查，以便及时转介到儿科骨骼健康专家。这篇综述将讨论儿童骨质疏松症的诊断、检查和治疗方法，特别考虑原发性骨疾病的分子诊断进展，以及当前和新兴的骨折减少治疗方法。
