Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 19;17(8):e0273327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273327. eCollection 2022.
The cognitive impairment, depression, a decrease in the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), and salivary gland dysfunction, as indicated by the reduction of alpha-amylase activity, have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the effects of depression on cognitive function, salivary alpha-amylase activity, and ADLs in T2DM patients have never been investigated. In this study, 115 participants were divided into three groups, including 30 healthy people, 50 T2DM patients without depression, and 35 T2DM patients with depression. Then, the cognitive function, the level of depression, salivary-alpha amylase activity, ADLs, and metabolic parameters were determined. Results showed that T2DM patients had hyperglycemia and cognitive impairment. A decrease in the salivary alpha-amylase activity was observed in T2DM patients. Interestingly, T2DM patients with depression had higher level of hyperglycemia and cognitive impairment than T2DM patients. Additionally, cognitive function was associated with the salivary-alpha amylase activity in T2DM without depression, while the severity of depression was associated with the salivary-alpha amylase activity in T2DM patients with depression. Therefore, we concluded that T2DM caused the impairment of metabolism, decreased salivary alpha-amylase activity, and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, T2DM patients with depression had higher level of hyperglycemia and cognitive decline than T2DM patients.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者可出现认知障碍、抑郁、日常生活活动（ADL）能力下降以及唾液腺功能减退（表现为α-淀粉酶活性降低）。然而，抑郁对 T2DM 患者的认知功能、唾液α-淀粉酶活性和 ADL 的影响尚未得到研究。在这项研究中，将 115 名参与者分为三组，包括 30 名健康人、50 名无抑郁的 T2DM 患者和 35 名抑郁的 T2DM 患者。然后，测定认知功能、抑郁程度、唾液α-淀粉酶活性、ADL 和代谢参数。结果显示，T2DM 患者存在高血糖和认知障碍。T2DM 患者的唾液α-淀粉酶活性下降。有趣的是，与 T2DM 患者相比，抑郁的 T2DM 患者的高血糖和认知障碍更为严重。此外，在无抑郁的 T2DM 患者中，认知功能与唾液α-淀粉酶活性相关，而在抑郁的 T2DM 患者中，抑郁的严重程度与唾液α-淀粉酶活性相关。因此，我们得出结论，T2DM 导致代谢受损、唾液α-淀粉酶活性降低和认知障碍。此外，与 T2DM 患者相比，抑郁的 T2DM 患者的高血糖和认知下降更为严重。
