Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2022 Oct;24(10):1487-1494. doi: 10.1007/s11886-022-01768-4. Epub 2022 Aug 20.
This review provides the summary of the appropriate use of these modalities when caring for patients with Kawasaki disease at diagnosis and for long-term management.
Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory syndrome of unknown etiology that can result in coronary artery dilations or aneurysms if left untreated in 25% of the patients and 3-5% in treated patients. In addition to coronary artery aneurysms, patients can have ventricular dysfunction, valvular regurgitation, aortic root dilation, and pericardial effusion due to inflammation of the myocardium. Noninvasive imaging modalities are important to these assessments. Echocardiography is the first-line noninvasive evaluation of coronaries and function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is useful for functional assessment in long-term follow-up. Distal coronaries, thromboses, and stenoses are best evaluated by cardiac computed tomography. Future research should demonstrate the effectiveness of advanced functional imaging in patients with Kawasaki disease and decreased radiation from cardiac computed tomography.
本文总结了在诊断川崎病和长期管理中，这些影像学方法的合理应用。
川崎病是一种病因不明的炎症综合征，如果未经治疗，25%的患者会出现冠状动脉扩张或动脉瘤，而在接受治疗的患者中，这一比例为 3-5%。除了冠状动脉瘤，炎症还会导致心肌受损，使患者出现心室功能障碍、瓣膜反流、主动脉根部扩张和心包积液。非侵入性影像学方法对这些评估很重要。超声心动图是冠状动脉和功能的一线非侵入性评估方法。心脏磁共振成像在长期随访中的功能评估中很有用。心脏计算机断层扫描最适合评估远端冠状动脉、血栓和狭窄。未来的研究应该证明高级功能成像在川崎病患者中的有效性，并减少心脏计算机断层扫描的辐射。
