New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 5;13:936005. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.936005. eCollection 2022.
To determine whether the timing of puberty associates with school performance.
Growth data on 13,183 children born between 1997 and 2002, were collected from child health clinics and school healthcare and school performance data from school records. Age at peak height velocity (PHV) marked pubertal timing. The relationships between age at PHV and average grades in mathematics, native language, English, and physical education from school years 6 (end of elementary school; age 11-12 years), 7 (start of middle school; 12-13 years), and 9 (end of middle school; 14-15 years) were modeled using generalized estimating equations and linear mixed models, adjusted for the month of birth and annual income and education levels in school catchment areas.
The mean (SD) age at PHV was 13.54 (1.17) years in boys and 11.43 (1.18) years in girls. In girls, age at PHV was associated with grades in mathematics (β=0.041-0.062, p<0.005) and physical education (β=0.077-0.107, p<0.001) across the study years, and in school year 9, also with grades in English (β=-0.047, 95%CI -0.072 to -0.021, p<0.001). Among boys, only the grades in physical education were related to age at PHV across the study years (β=0.026-0.073, p<0.01) and in middle school the grades in mathematics decreased dramatically.
In both sexes, the timing of puberty was associated with the grades in physical education, and in girls, with academic achievement. The decrease in boys' mathematics grades and sex difference in academic achievement were unexplained by the timing of puberty.
确定青春期开始的时间是否与学习成绩有关。
从儿童健康诊所和学校保健收集了 1997 年至 2002 年间出生的 13183 名儿童的生长数据，并从学校记录中收集了学习成绩数据。身高增长速度峰值（PHV）的年龄标志着青春期开始的时间。使用广义估计方程和线性混合模型，在校正出生月份和学校所在地区的年收入和教育水平后，建立了 PHV 年龄与数学、母语、英语和体育等学科的平均成绩之间的关系，这些学科分别来自于小学六年级（结束时；年龄 11-12 岁）、初中一年级（开始时；12-13 岁）和初中三年级（结束时；14-15 岁）。
男孩 PHV 的平均（SD）年龄为 13.54（1.17）岁，女孩为 11.43（1.18）岁。在女孩中，PHV 年龄与数学成绩（β=0.041-0.062，p<0.005）和体育成绩（β=0.077-0.107，p<0.001）在整个研究期间有关，在初中三年级，还与英语成绩（β=-0.047，95%CI-0.072 至-0.021，p<0.001）有关。在男孩中，只有体育成绩与整个研究期间的 PHV 年龄有关（β=0.026-0.073，p<0.01），而且在初中阶段，数学成绩急剧下降。
在两性中，青春期开始的时间与体育成绩有关，在女孩中，与学业成绩有关。男孩数学成绩下降和学业成绩的性别差异不能用青春期开始的时间来解释。
