Wakeham Travis R, Anderson Dakota J, Elmer Steven J, Durocher John J
Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2022 Jun 1;15(2):884-895. doi: 10.70252/CRLE3385. eCollection 2022.
Upper-body resistance exercise effectively increases muscular strength, but may concomitantly increase arterial stiffness. Eccentric exercise can lead to muscle soreness and arterial stiffness in untrained participants. However, it is unclear if upper-body eccentric exercise could reduce arterial stiffness in a single session for participants that have undergone progressive training. Our purpose was to compare acute responses to upper-body eccentric (novel, ECCarm) and concentric (traditional, CONarm) steady state arm cycling. We hypothesized that arm arterial stiffness would be reduced after both ECCarm and CONarm. Twenty-two young healthy individuals performed either ECCarm ( = 11) or CONarm ( = 11) at ~70% of peak heart rate for 20 min after a training period. Heart rate, central pulse wave velocity (cPWV), and peripheral pulse wave velocity (pPWV; i.e., arm arterial stiffness) were assessed before, 10 min, and 30 min after exercise. Heart rate was not elevated at 10 min post ECCarm, but was elevated at 10- and 30-min post CONarm ( < 0.01). After exercise, pPWV was decreased at 10 min post for both ECCarm (7.1 ± 0.3 vs. 6.5 ± 0.2 m/s) and CONarm (7.0 ± 0.2 vs. 6.5 ± 0.2 m/s; < 0.05), while both groups returned to baseline values 30 min post. cPWV did not change in either group. Our results indicate that acute ECCarm provides a high-force, low energy cost form of resistance exercise that acutely reduces arm arterial stiffness. The reduction in pPWV and rapid heart rate recovery suggests that ECCarm is a safe form of exercise for overall and cardiovascular health.
上身抗阻运动能有效增强肌肉力量，但可能同时增加动脉僵硬度。离心运动可导致未经训练的参与者出现肌肉酸痛和动脉僵硬度增加。然而，对于经过渐进性训练的参与者，单次上身离心运动是否能降低动脉僵硬度尚不清楚。我们的目的是比较上身离心（新颖的，ECCarm）和向心（传统的，CONarm）稳态手臂骑行的急性反应。我们假设ECCarm和CONarm后手臂动脉僵硬度都会降低。22名年轻健康个体在经过一段时间训练后，以约70%的心率峰值进行20分钟的ECCarm（n = 11）或CONarm（n = 11）运动。在运动前、运动后10分钟和30分钟评估心率、中心脉搏波速度（cPWV）和外周脉搏波速度（pPWV，即手臂动脉僵硬度）。ECCarm后10分钟心率未升高，但CONarm后10分钟和30分钟心率升高（P < 0.01）。运动后，ECCarm（7.1 ± 0.3对6.5 ± 0.2 m/s）和CONarm（7.0 ± 0.2对6.5 ± 0.2 m/s；P < 0.05）在运动后10分钟时pPWV均降低，而两组在运动后30分钟均恢复到基线值。两组的cPWV均未改变。我们的结果表明，急性ECCarm提供了一种高负荷、低能量消耗的抗阻运动形式，可急性降低手臂动脉僵硬度。pPWV的降低和心率的快速恢复表明，ECCarm对整体健康和心血管健康而言是一种安全的运动形式。
