尼泊尔一家三级眼科医院的色素性视网膜炎患病率。

Ram Kumar Mahabir Prasad Kedia Eye Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal.

Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan;14(27):31-38. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v14i1.38977.

INTRODUCTION

Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a group of diffuse retinal degenerative diseases predominantly affecting the rod and cone photoreceptors. The prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa seen in literature is approximately 1:4000. Retinitis Pigmentosa is one of the the most common causes of blindness in the age group of 20 to 40 years. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of retinitis pigmentosa in Terai and Nepal-India border region considering patients seeking care at a Tertiary level Eye Hospital in the terai region (southern part) of Nepal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A hospital-based, retrospective study was carried out at R. M. Kedia Eye Hospital. A total of 385 (83 males and 107 females from Nepal and 109 males and 86 females from India) diagnosed patients of Retinitis Pigmentosa were included in the study. Data was collected over a period of eleven years from 2008-2018.

RESULTS

Out of 385 diagnosed Retinitis Pigmentosa patients, 192 (49.87%) were male and 193 (50.13%) were female with slightly female predominance. The prevalence of RP seen in our study was 0.03%. About 51% of the patients visited here were from India and nearby border areas/ villages which cover most of the rural areas of India. In this study it was found that 49.34% of the RP cases were from Nepal, of which 43.63% of cases were from Hindu community and 5.71% from Muslim community and about 50.66% cases of RP were from India, of which 37.67% from Hindu and 12.98% from Muslim community. The peak age of presentation of RP was at 30-39 years (29.09%), followed by 20-29 years (26.75%). The common marriage pattern of consanguinity was found in Muslim community in between the first cousins. In this study the hospital record did not show any evaluation for the syndromic disease in the hospital record, though RP is usually non syndromic and there are literatures where many syndromic forms have been identified.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of RP seen in the study was 0.03% (A total of 1101299 sample population of which 385 patients had RP). Since RP is an inherited disease and is one of the non-treatable causes of blindness which runs in the families, a role of counseling to reduce consanguineous marriages should be brought forward to reduce the disease process.

简介

色素性视网膜炎（RP）是一组弥漫性视网膜退行性疾病，主要影响视杆和视锥细胞。文献中报道的色素性视网膜炎的患病率约为 1:4000。色素性视网膜炎是 20 至 40 岁年龄段人群失明的最常见原因之一。本研究的目的是确定在尼泊尔塔赖和尼泊尔-印度边境地区考虑在塔赖地区（尼泊尔南部）的三级眼科医院寻求治疗的患者中色素性视网膜炎的特征。

材料和方法

这是一项在 R. M. Kedia 眼科医院进行的基于医院的回顾性研究。共有 385 名（来自尼泊尔的 83 名男性和 107 名女性，以及来自印度的 109 名男性和 86 名女性）被诊断为色素性视网膜炎的患者被纳入研究。数据收集时间为 2008 年至 2018 年的十一年间。

结果

在 385 名被诊断为色素性视网膜炎的患者中，192 名（49.87%）为男性，193 名（50.13%）为女性，女性略占优势。本研究中观察到的 RP 患病率为 0.03%。约有 51%的患者来自印度和附近边境地区/村庄，这些地区覆盖了印度的大部分农村地区。在这项研究中发现，49.34%的 RP 病例来自尼泊尔，其中 43.63%的病例来自印度教社区，5.71%来自穆斯林社区，而大约 50.66%的 RP 病例来自印度，其中 37.67%来自印度教，12.98%来自穆斯林社区。RP 的发病高峰年龄为 30-39 岁（29.09%），其次是 20-29 岁（26.75%）。在穆斯林社区中，第一代表亲之间发现了常见的近亲结婚模式。在这项研究中，医院记录中没有显示任何综合征疾病的评估，尽管 RP 通常是非综合征性的，并且有文献已经确定了许多综合征形式。