Mehranfar Sanaz, Jalilpiran Yahya, Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat, Seif Ehsan, Shahrestanaki Ehsan, Mahdavi-Gorabi Armita, Esmaeili-Abdar Mohammad, Larijani Bagher, Qorbani Mostafa
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2023 Dec;93(6):559-576. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000763. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Cardio-metabolic risk factors are becoming a global health concern. To address this problem, one of the proposed ways is to focus on phytochemical-rich foods consumption. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the results of observational studies (cohorts, case-control, and cross-sectional) that investigated the association between dietary phytochemical index (PI) as a new index for evaluating phytochemical-rich food intake and various risk factors of cardio-metabolic disorders. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The literature search was performed up to August 2021 with no publication year restriction on observational studies investigating the association between PI and cardiometabolic risk factors on adults and children. A random-effect meta-analysis was used. Overall, 16 articles (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort) were eligible for this systematic review and 8 studies with 99771 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Random effect meta-analysis showed that adherence to higher dietary PI decrease the odds of abdominal obesity (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.88, I: 84.90), generalized obesity (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.98, I: 68.10), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.89, I: 0.00), hypertension (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.99, I: 7.02), and MetS (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.88, I: 84.90). However, results considering the associations between dietary PI with glycemic indices, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were not significant (p<0.05). Evidence showed adverse associations between dietary PI and some cardio-metabolic risk factors such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and metabolic syndrome.
心血管代谢危险因素正成为一个全球健康问题。为解决这一问题，一种提议的方法是关注富含植物化学物质的食物摄入。因此，我们旨在总结观察性研究（队列研究、病例对照研究和横断面研究）的结果，这些研究调查了作为评估富含植物化学物质食物摄入量的新指标的膳食植物化学指数（PI）与心血管代谢紊乱的各种危险因素之间的关联。我们通过PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库进行了全面的系统综述。文献检索截至2021年8月，对调查PI与成人和儿童心血管代谢危险因素之间关联的观察性研究没有出版年份限制。使用了随机效应荟萃分析。总体而言，16篇文章（横断面研究、病例对照研究、队列研究）符合本系统综述的要求，8项研究（共99771名参与者）被纳入荟萃分析。随机效应荟萃分析表明，坚持更高的膳食PI可降低腹部肥胖（OR：0.73，95%CI：0.58，0.88，I：84.90）、全身性肥胖（OR：0.84，95%CI：0.69，0.98，I：68.10）、高甘油三酯血症（OR：0.81，95%CI：0.73，0.89，I：0.00）、高血压（OR：0.86，95%CI：0.73，0.99，I：7.02）和代谢综合征（OR：0.79，95%CI：0.69，0.88，I：84.90）的发生几率。然而，考虑膳食PI与血糖指数以及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）之间关联的结果并不显著（p<0.05）。证据表明，膳食PI与一些心血管代谢危险因素如肥胖、高甘油三酯血症、高血压和代谢综合征之间存在不良关联。
