检测移民至澳大利亚儿童的结核分枝杆菌感染。
Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children Migrating to Australia.
出版信息
Emerg Infect Dis. 2022 Sep;28(9):1833-1841. doi: 10.3201/eid2809.212426.
In 2015, Australia updated premigration screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease in children 2-10 years of age to include testing for infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and enable detection of latent TB infection (LTBI). We analyzed TB screening results in children <15 years of age during November 2015-June 2017. We found 45,060 child applicants were tested with interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) (57.7% of tests) or tuberculin skin test (TST) (42.3% of tests). A total of 21 cases of TB were diagnosed: 4 without IGRA or TST, 10 with positive IGRA or TST, and 7 with negative results. LTBI was detected in 3.3% (1,473/44,709) of children, for 30 applicants screened per LTBI case detected. LTBI-associated factors included increasing age, TB contact, origin from a higher TB prevalence region, and testing by TST. Detection of TB and LTBI benefit children, but the updated screening program's effect on TB in Australia is likely to be limited.
2015 年，澳大利亚更新了儿童（2-10 岁）移民前结核病（TB）筛查，纳入结核分枝杆菌感染检测，并能发现潜伏性 TB 感染（LTBI）。我们分析了 2015 年 11 月至 2017 年 6 月期间<15 岁儿童的 TB 筛查结果。发现 45060 名儿童申请了干扰素-γ释放试验（IGRA）（57.7%的检测）或结核菌素皮肤试验（TST）（42.3%的检测）。共诊断出 21 例 TB：4 例无 IGRA 或 TST，10 例 IGRA 或 TST 阳性，7 例阴性。LTBI 在 3.3%（1473/44709）的儿童中被检出，每检出 1 例 LTBI 需筛查 30 名儿童。LTBI 的相关因素包括年龄增长、TB 接触史、来自 TB 高流行地区以及 TST 检测。TB 和 LTBI 的检出有利于儿童，但更新后的筛查计划对澳大利亚的 TB 影响可能有限。
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