Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 S 2nd St, Suite 300, 55454, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
J Community Health. 2023 Feb;48(1):10-17. doi: 10.1007/s10900-022-01132-1. Epub 2022 Aug 25.
Overservice of alcohol, defined as commercial provision of alcohol to an individual who is obviously intoxicated, is illegal in most states and contributes to motor vehicle crashes and violence. Law enforcement agencies use various strategies that aim to reduce overservice at licensed alcohol establishments (e.g., bars, restaurants). Place of Last Drink (POLD) data collection is an emerging overservice enforcement strategy. POLD identifies patterns of overservice, which can provide support for targeted interventions to prevent overservice at offending establishments. We describe the prevalence of POLD and other overservice enforcement strategies and associations with agency characteristics, which has important implications for public health and safety. We conducted a national survey of 1024 municipal (e.g., town, city) and county law enforcement agencies in 2019 (response rate = 73%). We assessed the use of overservice enforcement strategies conducted by the agencies over the past year. We examined associations of each type of overservice enforcement strategy with agency and jurisdiction characteristics using regression models. 27% of responding agencies reported conducting overservice enforcement and 7% conducted POLD data collection specifically. Municipal (vs. county) agencies and agencies with an officer assigned primarily to alcohol enforcement activities were significantly more likely to conduct overservice enforcement generally but not POLD data collection specifically. Overservice enforcement in general, and POLD data collection specifically, are not widely conducted. Prevention of overservice has the potential to reduce harms related to excessive alcohol consumption. Increased evaluation of overservice enforcement strategies should be prioritized.
酗酒服务，即向明显醉酒的个人提供商业酒精供应，在大多数州都是非法的，它会导致机动车事故和暴力行为。执法机构采用了各种旨在减少持牌酒精场所（如酒吧、餐馆）过度服务的策略。最后饮酒地点（POLD）数据收集是一种新兴的过度服务执法策略。POLD 识别过度服务的模式，这可以为有针对性的干预措施提供支持，以防止在违规场所过度服务。我们描述了 POLD 和其他过度服务执法策略的流行程度以及与机构特征的关联，这对公共卫生和安全具有重要意义。我们在 2019 年对 1024 个市（如镇、市）和县执法机构进行了一项全国性调查（回应率=73%）。我们评估了过去一年各机构实施的过度服务执法策略。我们使用回归模型检查了每种类型的过度服务执法策略与机构和管辖范围特征的关联。有 27%的回应机构报告实施了过度服务执法，有 7%的机构专门进行了 POLD 数据收集。主要负责酒精执法活动的市（而非县）机构和机构更有可能普遍实施过度服务执法，但不是专门进行 POLD 数据收集。总体而言，过度服务执法，特别是专门进行 POLD 数据收集，并没有得到广泛实施。防止过度服务有可能减少与过度饮酒相关的伤害。应优先考虑增加对过度服务执法策略的评估。
