Parvez Z, Kormano M, Satokari K, Moncada R, Eklund R
Mutat Res. 1987 Jul;188(3):233-9. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(87)90094-2.
In vitro and in vivo cytogenetic effects of X-ray contrast media (CM) were determined by scoring micronuclei (MN) in 72-h cultures of human peripheral lymphocytes. Both ionic (sodium meglumine diatrizoate, methylglucamine diatrizoate, and sodium meglumine ioxaglate and nonionic CM (iosimide, iopromide, iohexol and iotrolan) were able to induce MN in lymphocytes. Based upon their calculated percent probabilities for MN induction, these agents could be ranked in their decreasing order of probability, as iosimide greater than sodium meglumine ioxaglate greater than iohexol greater than sodium meglumine diatrizoate greater than iopromide greater than methylglucamine diatrizoate greater than iotrolan. Stepwise logistic regression analysis of the data indicated that the frequency of MN in CM-exposed lymphocyte cultures was significantly higher than the frequency of MN in control cultures (P less than 0.001). In clinical studies where 14 patients were injected with an ionic CM methylglucamine diatrizoate, lymphocyte cultures from 10 patients showed higher frequencies of MN. The differences between pre- and post-CM counts of MN were significant in a Mann-Whitney U test (P less than 0.05). The effect of X-irradiation on MN formation in lymphocytes was separately determined and was found to be insignificant. These results indicate that irrespective of ionic and osmolality differences, X-ray contrast agents are capable of producing chromosomal damage in peripheral lymphocytes. Further studies are required to establish molecular mechanisms in the observed cytogenetic effects of CM in cell cultures.
通过对人外周血淋巴细胞进行72小时培养并计数微核（MN），确定了X射线造影剂（CM）的体外和体内细胞遗传学效应。离子型（泛影葡胺钠、甲葡胺泛影酸盐和碘克沙醇葡甲胺）和非离子型CM（异索米德、碘普罗胺、碘海醇和碘曲仑）均能诱导淋巴细胞产生微核。根据计算得出的微核诱导概率百分比，这些试剂可按概率递减顺序排列为：异索米德＞碘克沙醇葡甲胺＞碘海醇＞泛影葡胺钠＞碘普罗胺＞甲葡胺泛影酸盐＞碘曲仑。对数据进行逐步逻辑回归分析表明，暴露于CM的淋巴细胞培养物中的微核频率显著高于对照培养物中的微核频率（P＜0.001）。在一项临床研究中，14名患者注射了离子型CM甲葡胺泛影酸盐，其中10名患者的淋巴细胞培养物显示微核频率较高。在Mann-Whitney U检验中，CM注射前后微核计数的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。单独测定了X射线照射对淋巴细胞微核形成的影响，发现其影响不显著。这些结果表明，无论离子型和渗透压差异如何，X射线造影剂都能够在外周血淋巴细胞中产生染色体损伤。需要进一步研究以确定在细胞培养中观察到的CM细胞遗传学效应的分子机制。
