Daly Janis J, McCabe Jessica P, Gor-García-Fogeda María Dolores, Nethery Joan C
Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Brain Sci. 2022 Aug 19;12(8):1104. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12081104.
With discoveries of brain and spinal cord mechanisms that control gait, and disrupt gait coordination after disease or injury, and that respond to motor training for those with neurological disease or injury, there is greater ability to construct more efficacious gait coordination training paradigms. Therefore, it is critical in these contemporary times, to use the most precise, sensitive, homogeneous (i.e., domain-specific), and comprehensive measures available to assess gait coordination, dyscoordination, and changes in response to treatment. Gait coordination is defined as the simultaneous performance of the spatial and temporal components of gait. While kinematic gait measures are considered the gold standard, the equipment and analysis cost and time preclude their use in most clinics. At the same time, observational gait coordination scales can be considered. Two independent groups identified the Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool (G.A.I.T.) as the most suitable scale for both research and clinical practice, compared to other observational gait scales, since it has been proven to be valid, reliable, sensitive to change, homogeneous, and comprehensive. The G.A.I.T. has shown strong reliability, validity, and sensitive precision for those with stroke or multiple sclerosis (MS). The G.A.I.T. has been translated into four languages (English, Spanish, Taiwanese, and Portuguese (translation is complete, but not yet published)), and is in use in at least 10 countries. As a contribution to the field, and in view of the evidence for continued usefulness and international use for the G.A.I.T. measure, we have provided this update, as well as an open access copy of the measure for use in clinical practice and research, as well as directions for administering the G.A.I.T.
随着对大脑和脊髓控制步态机制的发现，以及对疾病或损伤后步态协调受干扰情况的了解，还有对神经系统疾病或损伤患者运动训练反应的认识，构建更有效的步态协调训练范式的能力得到了提升。因此，在当代，使用最精确、敏感、同质（即特定领域）且全面的可用测量方法来评估步态协调、不协调以及治疗反应的变化至关重要。步态协调被定义为步态的空间和时间成分的同时表现。虽然运动步态测量被视为金标准，但设备、分析成本和时间限制了它们在大多数诊所的使用。与此同时，可以考虑观察性步态协调量表。与其他观察性步态量表相比，两个独立的研究小组确定步态评估与干预工具（G.A.I.T.）是最适合研究和临床实践的量表，因为它已被证明是有效、可靠、对变化敏感、同质且全面的。G.A.I.T. 对中风或多发性硬化症（MS）患者显示出很强的可靠性、有效性和敏感的精确性。G.A.I.T. 已被翻译成四种语言（英语、西班牙语、台湾话和葡萄牙语（翻译已完成，但尚未发表）），并在至少10个国家使用。作为对该领域的贡献，鉴于G.A.I.T. 测量方法持续有用性和国际使用的证据，我们提供了此更新内容，以及该测量方法的开放获取版本以供临床实践和研究使用，以及G.A.I.T. 的施测指南。
