Fernández-Aparicio Ángel, Correa-Rodríguez María, Castellano Jose M, Schmidt-RioValle Jacqueline, Perona Javier S, González-Jiménez Emilio
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;11(8):1517. doi: 10.3390/antiox11081517.
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpene widely found in olive leaves that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing properties, among others. These OA characteristics could be of special interest in the treatment and prevention of insulin resistance (IR), but greater in-depth knowledge on the pathways involved in these properties is still needed. We aimed to systematically review the effects of OA on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the development of IR and underlying oxidative stress in insulin-resistant animal models or cell lines. The bibliographic search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and CINHAL databases between January 2001 and May 2022. The electronic search produced 5034 articles but, after applying the inclusion criteria, 13 animal studies and 3 cell experiments were identified, using SYRCLE's Risk of Bias for assessing the risk of bias of the animal studies. OA was found to enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, and was found to suppress the hepatic glucose production, probably by modulating the IRS/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway and by mitigating oxidative stress through regulating MAPK pathways. Future randomized controlled clinical trials to assess the potential benefit of OA as new therapeutic and preventive strategies for IR are warranted.
齐墩果酸（OA）是一种广泛存在于橄榄叶中的天然三萜类化合物，具有抗氧化、抗炎和胰岛素增敏等特性。这些OA特性在胰岛素抵抗（IR）的治疗和预防中可能具有特殊意义，但仍需要对涉及这些特性的途径有更深入的了解。我们旨在系统综述OA对胰岛素抵抗动物模型或细胞系中IR发生发展及潜在氧化应激所涉及的分子机制和信号通路的影响。在2001年1月至2022年5月期间，对PubMed、科学网、Scopus、Cochrane和CINHAL数据库进行了文献检索。电子检索共得到5034篇文章，但在应用纳入标准后，确定了13项动物研究和3项细胞实验，并使用SYRCLE的偏倚风险评估动物研究的偏倚风险。发现OA可增强胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖摄取，并可能通过调节IRS/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1信号通路以及通过调节MAPK通路减轻氧化应激来抑制肝糖生成。未来有必要进行随机对照临床试验，以评估OA作为IR新的治疗和预防策略的潜在益处。
