Hong HeeJue, Sloan Lucy, Saxena Deepak, Scott David A
Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Biomedicines. 2022 Aug 12;10(8):1959. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10081959.
Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) is of interest as a much-needed target for the treatment or prevention of several neurogenerative diseases. However, CB2 agonists, particularly phytocannabinoids, have been ascribed antimicrobial properties and are associated with the induction of microbiome compositional fluxes. When developing novel CB2 therapeutics, CB2 engagement and antimicrobial functions should both be considered. This review summarizes those cannabinoids and cannabis-informed molecules and preparations (CIMPs) that show promise as microbicidal agents, with a particular focus on the most recent developments. CIMP-microbe interactions and anti-microbial mechanisms are discussed, while the major knowledge gaps and barriers to translation are presented. Further research into CIMPs may proffer novel direct or adjunctive strategies to augment the currently available antimicrobial armory. The clinical promise of CIMPs as antimicrobials, however, remains unrealized. Nevertheless, the microbicidal effects ascribed to several CB2 receptor-agonists should be considered when designing therapeutic approaches for neurocognitive and other disorders, particularly in cases where such regimens are to be long-term. To this end, the potential development of CB2 agonists lacking antimicrobial properties is also discussed.
大麻素受体2（CB2）作为治疗或预防多种神经退行性疾病急需的靶点备受关注。然而，CB2激动剂，尤其是植物大麻素，具有抗菌特性，并与微生物群落组成变化的诱导有关。在开发新型CB2治疗药物时，应同时考虑CB2的作用和抗菌功能。本综述总结了那些有望成为杀菌剂的大麻素和受大麻启发的分子及制剂（CIMPs），特别关注了最新进展。讨论了CIMP与微生物的相互作用及抗菌机制，同时指出了主要的知识空白和转化障碍。对CIMPs的进一步研究可能会提供新的直接或辅助策略，以增强现有的抗菌武器库。然而，CIMPs作为抗菌剂的临床前景尚未实现。尽管如此，在设计针对神经认知和其他疾病的治疗方法时，尤其是在长期治疗方案中，应考虑几种CB2受体激动剂的杀菌作用。为此，还讨论了缺乏抗菌特性的CB2激动剂的潜在开发。
