Klein Renáta, Oláh János, Mihók Sándor, Posta János
Department of Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Aug 14;12(16):2071. doi: 10.3390/ani12162071.
The Mezőhegyes Stud was founded in 1784 where three different horse breeds were developed: the Furioso-North Star, the Gidran, and the Nonius. These breeds were based on the same mare population, but each breed had different utilization purposes. Our aim was to analyze the pedigree information of these three indigenous breeds. The genealogical information was traced back from the actual breeding population back to the founder animals, and the final database contained more than 47,000 horses. The reference populations were defined as the registered breeding animals in 2019. The complete generation equivalent was 16.45 for the Gidran breed, 15.18 for Furioso-North Star, and 12.64 for Nonius, respectively. Due to the utilization of English Thoroughbred during the breeding history, the average maximum generations were close to 36 generations for each breed. The average relatedness was approximately 4%. The average Wright's inbreeding coefficient was the highest for the Nonius breed (5.59%). Kalinowski's decomposition of inbreeding showed that inbreeding is originated mainly from the past; the current fixation of alleles was higher for the Nonius horse breed. There was a reasonable bottleneck effect for each breed. The estimated effective population sizes suggest that there is no problem with the maintaining of Mezőhegyes horse breeds.
梅佐赫耶斯种马场始建于1784年，在此培育出了三种不同的马品种：富里奥斯-北极星马、吉德兰马和诺尼乌斯马。这些品种基于相同的母马群体，但每个品种有不同的用途。我们的目的是分析这三个本土品种的系谱信息。系谱信息从实际繁殖群体追溯到奠基动物，最终数据库包含超过47000匹马。参考群体定义为2019年登记的繁殖动物。吉德兰品种的完整世代当量分别为16.45，富里奥斯-北极星马为15.18，诺尼乌斯马为12.64。由于在育种历史中使用了英国纯血马，每个品种的平均最大世代数接近36代。平均亲缘关系约为4%。诺尼乌斯品种的平均赖特近交系数最高（5.59%）。卡利诺夫斯基的近交分解表明，近交主要源于过去；诺尼乌斯马品种目前的等位基因固定率更高。每个品种都有合理的瓶颈效应。估计的有效种群大小表明，梅佐赫耶斯马品种的维持没有问题。
