Posta János, Somogyvári Enikő, Mihók Sándor
Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Association of Pony and Small Horse Breeders, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jul 21;10(7):1242. doi: 10.3390/ani10071242.
Gene conservation and management of small populations requires proper knowledge of the background and history of the breed. The aim of the study was the evaluation of population structure and changes of the Hungarian Hucul horse population. Population changes were described for the actual breeding stock as well as for groups of 10-year epochs reflecting major periods of change in the breed. Pedigree data of the registered population were analyzed using Endog and GRain software. The average value of equivalent complete generations was above nine for the actual breeding population. The longest generation interval was the sire-to-daughter pathway. The f/f ratio had smaller changes than f/f ratio across the population history. Inbreeding and average relatedness as well as ancestral coefficients had increased during history. Kalinowski's decomposition of inbreeding showed that present inbreeding is smaller than it was done earlier during the last 20 years. Due to the continuous imports from other breeder countries, the genetic variability increased during the evaluated time periods.
基因保护与小种群管理需要对品种的背景和历史有恰当的了解。本研究的目的是评估匈牙利胡库尔马种群的种群结构和变化。描述了实际种畜群以及反映该品种主要变化时期的10年时间段组的种群变化。使用Endog和GRain软件分析了登记种群的系谱数据。实际繁殖种群的等效完整世代平均值高于9。最长的世代间隔是父系到女儿的路径。在整个种群历史中，f/f比率的变化小于f/f比率。近亲繁殖、平均亲缘关系以及祖先系数在历史过程中有所增加。卡利诺夫斯基的近亲繁殖分解表明，当前的近亲繁殖程度低于过去20年早期的水平。由于持续从其他育种国家进口，在评估时间段内遗传变异性增加。
