Posta János, Demeter Csongor, Német Zoltán, Sándor Máté, Gerencsér Zsolt, Matics Zsolt
Department of Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Cargill Feed Ltd., H-1087 Budapest, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Sep 21;14(18):2740. doi: 10.3390/ani14182740.
The diversity of livestock animal breeds is an integral part of global biodiversity and requires careful management for sustainability and future availability. Avoiding inbreeding is a crucial aspect of mating of breeding animals. Our aims were to describe the quality of the pedigree, generation interval, gene origin, inbreeding, and effective population size of Danubia Alba rabbit lines. Line "D" is the maternal, whereas lines "C" and "X" are used as the paternal lines. The pedigree information was followed back from the actual breeding rabbits up to the founder animals. The rabbits having offspring in 2023 were chosen as reference populations for each line. The complete generation equivalent (GenCom) was 17.68 for line "C", 18.32 for line "D", and 17.49 for line "X", respectively. The maximum number of generations (GenMax) was above 30 for each line. The estimated bottleneck effect is mostly the result of selection and not a real genetic loss. The Wright inbreeding coefficient (F_Wright) was the highest for the "X" line rabbits, whereas it was the lowest for the line "D". Kalinowski's decomposition of inbreeding showed that it originated mostly from the past; the current fixation of alleles was quite similar for the line "C" and "D". Based on the predicted effective population sizes, it seems that there is no problem in maintaining of Danubia Alba lines.
家畜品种的多样性是全球生物多样性的一个组成部分，需要进行谨慎管理以实现可持续性和未来的可用性。避免近亲繁殖是种畜交配的一个关键方面。我们的目标是描述多瑙河白兔品系的系谱质量、世代间隔、基因起源、近亲繁殖和有效种群大小。“D”系是母系，而“C”系和“X”系用作父系。系谱信息从实际的种兔追溯到奠基动物。将2023年有后代的兔子选为每个品系的参考种群。“C”系的完整世代当量（GenCom）为17.68，“D”系为18.32，“X”系为17.49。每个品系的最大世代数（GenMax）均超过30。估计的瓶颈效应主要是选择的结果，而非真正的基因损失。“X”系兔子的赖特近亲繁殖系数（F_Wright）最高，而“D”系最低。卡利诺夫斯基的近亲繁殖分解表明，其主要源于过去；“C”系和“D”系当前的等位基因固定情况相当相似。基于预测的有效种群大小，多瑙河白兔品系的维持似乎没有问题。
