Nekrasov Roman V, Ivanov Gennady A, Chabaev Magomed G, Zelenchenkova Aloyna A, Bogolyubova Nadezhda V, Nikanova Daria A, Sermyagin Alexander A, Bibikov Semen O, Shapovalov Sergey O
L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, 142132 Podolsk, Russia.
NordTechSad LLC, 164900 Novodvinsk, Russia.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Aug 18;12(16):2118. doi: 10.3390/ani12162118.
Due to the intensive development of technologies for obtaining protein, energy feed and biologically active supplements from insects, the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing these products into the rations of farm animals require further study. This research aims to study the possibility and effects of feeding dairy cows fat from the larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFLF). The composition and properties of the BSFLF have been studied. The research of the fatty acid composition of BSFLF showed a high content of saturated fatty acids, including 58.9% lauric acid. The experiment was performed on black-and-white cows at the beginning of lactation (control, D0 (n = 12) vs. experimental D10 (n = 12) and D100 (n = 12) groups, 10 and 100 g/head/day BSFLF, respectively. There was no negative effect of BSFLF feeding on the process of feed digestion. The pH of the rumen content decreased (6.80 ± 0.07 & 6.85 ± 0.09 vs. 7.16 ± 0.06, p < 0.05), with an increase in the number of infusoria (0.27 ± 0.03&0.37 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.03 g/100 mL, p = 0.16); there was an increase in the concentration of VFA in the rumen content of animals of the experimental groups by 2.1 (p < 0.05) and 3.81 (p < 0.01) (8.66 ± 0.46 & 10.37 ± 0.42 vs. 6.56 ± 0.29) mmol/100 mL. The average daily milk yield of Group D10 cows over the experimental period (d17−d177) was slightly higher than the control (by 4.9%, p = 0.24 vs. Group D0). At the same time, Group D100 cows showed a significant increase in natural-fat milk compared to controls (by 8.0%, p < 0.05 vs. Group D0) over the same experiment period. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of the milk of the experimental animals showed some changes in the fatty acid composition of milk under the influence of BSFLF feeding; these changes were especially noticeable in Group D10. Thus, it was found that feeding dairy cows BSFLF at different dosages leads to better indicators of pre-gastric digestion and productivity.
由于从昆虫中获取蛋白质、能量饲料和生物活性补充剂的技术发展迅速，将这些产品引入农场动物日粮的可行性和有效性需要进一步研究。本研究旨在探讨给奶牛饲喂黑水虻幼虫脂肪（BSFLF）的可能性及效果。对BSFLF的成分和特性进行了研究。对BSFLF脂肪酸组成的研究表明，饱和脂肪酸含量较高，其中月桂酸含量为58.9%。实验在泌乳初期的黑白花奶牛上进行（对照组，D0（n = 12）与实验组D10（n = 12）和D100（n = 12）组，分别为每头每天10克和100克BSFLF）。饲喂BSFLF对饲料消化过程没有负面影响。瘤胃液pH值下降（6.80±0.07和6.85±0.09对比7.16±0.06，p<0.05），同时纤毛虫数量增加（0.27±0.03和0.37±0.09对比0.18±0.03克/100毫升，p = 0.16）；实验组动物瘤胃液中挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度分别增加了2.1（p<0.05）和3.81（p<0.01）（8.66±0.46和10.37±0.42对比6.56±0.29）毫摩尔/100毫升。D10组奶牛在实验期（d17 - d177）的平均日产奶量略高于对照组（高4.9%，与D0组相比p = 0.24）。同时，在相同实验期内，D100组奶牛的天然脂肪奶产量与对照组相比显著增加（高8.0%，与D0组相比p<0.05）。对实验动物牛奶脂肪酸组成的分析表明，在BSFLF饲喂影响下，牛奶脂肪酸组成发生了一些变化；这些变化在D10组尤为明显。因此，发现给奶牛饲喂不同剂量的BSFLF可使胃前消化和生产性能指标更佳。
