Tal Haim, Reiser Vadim, Naishlos Sarit, Avishai Gal, Kolerman Roni, Chaushu Liat
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Aug 12;11(8):1213. doi: 10.3390/biology11081213.
Implant neck characteristics may affect initial implant stability, soft tissue healing, and early marginal bone loss (EMBL) at second-stage surgery. The null hypothesis was that, following two-stage implant insertion, rough surface, non-screw-type collar implants will present lower EMBL at 2nd-stage surgery than rough-surface, screw-type collar implants.
The study comprised seven male beagle dogs (mean weight 10.57 ± 2.8 kg; range 9-17 kg). A novel implant design was developed, composed of 2 parts: an apical part resembling a regular threaded implant, and a coronal non-screw-type collar, 4.2 mm long, served as the study group, whereas standard threaded implants served as control. Twenty-eight implants were placed: two on each side of the mandible. All implants were sand-blasted/acid-etched and of similar dimensions. Each dog received four implants. To assess location (anterior vs. posterior) impact on the outcomes, implants were placed as follows: group I-posterior mandible right-non-screw-type collar implants; group II-anterior mandible right-similar non-screw-type collar implants. To assess the collar-design effect on the outcomes, implants were placed as follows-Group III-anterior mandible left-control group, screw-type collar implants; Group IV-study group, posterior mandible left-non-screw-type collar implants. The following parameters were measured and recorded: insertion torque, soft tissue healing, early implant failure, and EMBL at 2nd-stage surgery.
No statistically significant differences were noted between groups I and II regarding all outcome parameters. At the same time, although insertion torque (55 N/cm) and early implant failure (0) were similar between groups III and IV, group III presented significantly poorer soft tissue healing (1.43 vs. 0.14) and increased marginal bone loss (0.86 vs. 0 mm).
When a two-stage implant protocol was used, rough-surface non-screw-type collar implants led to superior outcomes at 2nd-stage surgery. Implant location did not affect the results. The significance of this result in preventing EMBL awaits further research.
种植体颈部特征可能会影响种植体的初始稳定性、软组织愈合以及二期手术时的早期边缘骨吸收（EMBL）。无效假设为，在两阶段种植体植入后，粗糙表面、非螺丝型颈部种植体在二期手术时的EMBL低于粗糙表面、螺丝型颈部种植体。
该研究纳入了7只雄性比格犬（平均体重10.57±2.8千克；范围9 - 17千克）。开发了一种新型种植体设计，由两部分组成：根尖部分类似于常规螺纹种植体，冠状非螺丝型颈部，长4.2毫米，作为研究组，而标准螺纹种植体作为对照组。共植入28颗种植体：在下颌骨两侧各植入两颗。所有种植体均经过喷砂/酸蚀处理且尺寸相似。每只犬接受4颗种植体。为评估位置（前部与后部）对结果的影响，种植体植入方式如下：第一组 - 下颌骨右侧后部 - 非螺丝型颈部种植体；第二组 - 下颌骨右侧前部 - 类似的非螺丝型颈部种植体。为评估颈部设计对结果的影响，种植体植入方式如下 - 第三组 - 下颌骨左侧前部 - 对照组，螺丝型颈部种植体；第四组 - 研究组，下颌骨左侧后部 - 非螺丝型颈部种植体。测量并记录了以下参数：植入扭矩、软组织愈合情况、早期种植体失败情况以及二期手术时的EMBL。
在所有结果参数方面，第一组和第二组之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。同时，尽管第三组和第四组之间的植入扭矩（55牛/厘米）和早期种植体失败率（0）相似，但第三组的软组织愈合情况明显较差（1.43对0.14），且边缘骨吸收增加（0.86对0毫米）。
当采用两阶段种植方案时，粗糙表面非螺丝型颈部种植体在二期手术时能带来更好的结果。种植体位置不影响结果。这一结果在预防EMBL方面的意义有待进一步研究。
