Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Dentistry, IMED, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
J Prosthodont. 2019 Feb;28(2):e713-e721. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12790. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
To assess, through a systematic review, the influence of different implant geometries on clinical longevity and maintenance of marginal bone tissue.
An electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, limited to studies written in English from 1996 to 2017 using specific search strategies. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared dental implants and their geometries were included. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.
From the 4006 references identified by the search, 24 were considered eligible for full-text analysis, after which 10 studies were included in this review. A similar behavior of marginal bone loss between tapered and cylindrical geometries was observed; however, implants that had micro-threads in the neck presented a slight decrease of marginal bone loss compared to implants with straight or smooth neck. Success and survival rates were high, with cylindrical implants presenting higher success and survival rates than tapered ones.
Implant geometry seems to have little influence on marginal bone loss (MBL) and survival and success rates after 1 year of implant placement; however, the evidence in this systematic review was classified as very low due to limitations such as study design, sample size, and publication bias. Thus, more well-designed RCTs should be conducted to provide evidence regarding the influence of implant geometry on MBL and survival and success rates after 1 year of implant placement.
通过系统评价评估不同种植体几何形状对临床寿命和边缘骨组织维持的影响。
在 MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行电子检索，检索年限为 1996 年至 2017 年，使用特定的搜索策略，仅限于以英文撰写的研究。仅纳入比较牙种植体及其几何形状的随机对照试验（RCT）。两名审查员独立选择研究、提取数据并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。
从搜索中确定的 4006 篇参考文献中，有 24 篇被认为符合全文分析的标准，在进行全文分析后，有 10 项研究被纳入本综述。观察到锥形和圆柱形几何形状之间的边缘骨丢失具有相似的行为；然而，与颈部具有直或光滑颈部的种植体相比，颈部具有微螺纹的种植体的边缘骨丢失略有减少。成功率和存活率均较高，圆柱形种植体的成功率和存活率高于锥形种植体。
种植体几何形状似乎对种植后 1 年的边缘骨丢失（MBL）和存活率/成功率影响不大；然而，由于研究设计、样本量和发表偏倚等限制，本系统评价中的证据被归类为极低质量。因此，应进行更多精心设计的 RCT，以提供关于种植体几何形状对种植后 1 年 MBL 和存活率/成功率影响的证据。
