Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8569, Ibaraki, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 20;19(16):10379. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610379.
The properties of potential emerging persistent contaminants, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in an andosol rice paddy lysimeter were analyzed to determine their mobility and leaching behavior regarding carbon chain length and functional groups. For this purpose, simulated contaminated water (ΣPFAS = 1,185,719 ng/L) was used in the lysimeter. The results showed that PFAS distribution in the paddy soil lysimeter was influenced by the migration of these substances into irrigation water and their adsorption into the soil. PFHxS (C6) and PFOS (C8), which are the main components of the simulated contaminated water, were mostly captured in the soil layers of the low-humic andosol layer (0-35 cm). PFAS distribution may depend on soil properties, such as total carbon (TC) content. Compared with perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs), the distribution of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in soil showed significant variation. The remaining PFCAs were distributed across all layers of the lysimeter, except for the longer-chain PFCAs. Moreover, the PFSA distribution was directly correlated with the carbon chain number, whereby longer- and shorter-chain PFSAs accumulated in the top and bottom soil layers, respectively. This study provides detailed information on the distribution, leaching, uptake, and accumulation of individual PFAS in andosol paddy fields in Japan.
采用土柱模拟试验研究了全氟烷基物质（PFAS）在土壤中的迁移和淋溶行为，分析了其在潜育水稻土柱中的特性，探讨了不同碳链长度和官能团的 PFAS 的移动性和淋溶行为。采用模拟污染水（ΣPFAS=1185719ng/L）进行土柱淋溶试验。结果表明，PFAS 在水稻土柱中的分布受这些物质向灌溉水中迁移和被土壤吸附的影响。模拟污染水中的主要成分全氟己基磺酸（C6）和全氟辛烷磺酸（C8）主要被截留在低腐殖质潜育水稻土（0-35cm）的土层中。PFAS 的分布可能取决于土壤特性，如总碳（TC）含量。与全氟烷磺酸（PFSA）相比，全氟烷基羧酸（PFCAs）在土壤中的分布变化较大。除了较长链的 PFCAs 外，其余的 PFCAs 分布在土柱的所有层中。此外，PFSA 的分布与碳链数直接相关，长链和短链 PFSA 分别在土壤的顶层和底层积累。本研究为日本潜育水稻土中 PFAS 的分布、淋溶、吸收和积累提供了详细信息。
