Bjelopavlovic Monika, Zeigner Ann-Katrin, Hardt Jochen, Petrowski Katja
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Private Practice S12 Fachzahnärzte Mehlingen, Schulstraße 12, 67678 Mehlingen, Germany.
J Pers Med. 2022 Aug 4;12(8):1280. doi: 10.3390/jpm12081280.
Objectives Dental age determination relies on the presence of wisdom teeth, which can be assigned to specific age ranges according to their stage of development. The purpose of this study is to highlight the applicability of the Demirjian staging of layman compared to expert, as well as the inclusion of all four wisdom teeth in the overall assessment, in order to emphasize and critically highlight a precise age estimation in clinical practice, especially in the case of agenesis or the presence of less than all four wisdom teeth. Material and Methods: In this study, dental age determination is performed and compared by a trained layperson and an expert using 385 orthopantomograms. The radiographs of known chronological age from male patients in the age range of 11−22 years were acquired from the University Medical Center Mainz. All four wisdom teeth were radiologically viewed if present. Demirjian staging with stages A−H was applied, and regression analysis was performed. Results: The relationship between mineralization of wisdom teeth (18, 28, 38 and 48) and age was linear for all teeth (p < 0.01), except for tooth 18 (p = 0.02). Comparing the prediction of the four teeth individually revealed that the lower teeth gave better predictions than the upper ones (R2 ≥ 0.50 vs. R2 < 0.50). Conclusions: For clinical use, the mandibular wisdom teeth should be preferred when performing dental age estimation using the Demirjian staging method. As a result of the present analysis, two ways of determining dental age by wisdom teeth can be suggested. One is to take only tooth 38, with the formula: age = 3.3 + 0.73 × mineralization of tooth_38. The second recommendation would be to take tooth_48. If both are unavailable, the formula would be age = −0.5 + 0.94 × mineralization tooth_28. Utilizing tooth 18 would not lead to more precise results.
目的 牙龄的确定依赖于智齿的存在，智齿可根据其发育阶段划分到特定的年龄范围。本研究的目的是强调外行人与专家对德米尔坚分期法的适用性比较，以及在整体评估中纳入所有四颗智齿，以便在临床实践中强调并批判性地突出精确的年龄估计，尤其是在无牙或智齿少于四颗的情况下。材料与方法：在本研究中，一名经过培训的外行人与一名专家使用385张全景曲面断层片进行牙龄测定并比较。从美因茨大学医学中心获取年龄在11 - 22岁男性患者已知实际年龄的X线片。若存在，对所有四颗智齿进行影像学观察。应用A - H期的德米尔坚分期法，并进行回归分析。结果：除18号牙（p = 0.02）外，所有牙齿（18、28、38和48号牙）智齿矿化与年龄之间的关系均为线性（p < 0.01）。单独比较四颗牙齿的预测结果显示，下牙的预测效果优于上牙（R2≥0.50对比R2 < 0.50）。结论：在临床应用中，使用德米尔坚分期法进行牙龄估计时，应优先选择下颌智齿。基于本分析结果，可提出两种通过智齿确定牙龄的方法。一种是仅采用38号牙，公式为：年龄 = 3.3 + 0.73×38号牙矿化程度。第二个建议是采用48号牙。如果两者都不可用，公式为：年龄 = -0.5 + 0.94×28号牙矿化程度。使用18号牙不会得出更精确的结果。
