Li Bin, Wang Huanyu, Liang Guodong
School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Pathogens. 2022 Aug 20;11(8):945. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11080945.
Getah virus (GETV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted by mosquitoes, belonging to the family, genus. It was first isolated from mosquitoes in Malaysia in 1955, being widespread in island countries in the South Pacific region. Since the beginning of the 21st century, GETV expanded its range and geographical distribution from low-latitude tropical regions to 60° north latitude, being isolated from 17 different species of mosquitoes belonging to five genera of Culicidae (, , , and ), as well as from midges in Eurasia. Molecular genetic evolution analysis revealed large molecular differences between the mosquitoes currently circulating Eurasia and those in the South Pacific in 1950s. The number of disease outbreaks caused by GETV in animals is increasing alongside the types of animals infected, from horses and pigs to cattle, blue foxes and red pandas. The disease burden is severely underestimated, and the economic cost to livestock production remains unknown. Herein, we review GETV temporal and spatial distribution, molecular genetic evolution, transmission and data on disease outbreaks. This work provides a reference for public health workers engaged in GETV research and zoonotic disease prevention and control.
盖塔病毒（GETV）是一种由蚊子传播的人畜共患病毒，属于[科名]、[属名]。1955年它首次在马来西亚的蚊子中被分离出来，在南太平洋地区的岛国广泛传播。自21世纪初以来，GETV的范围和地理分布从低纬度热带地区扩展到北纬60°，在属于蚊科五个属（[五个属名]）的17种不同蚊子以及欧亚大陆的蠓中被分离出来。分子遗传进化分析表明，目前在欧亚大陆传播的蚊子与20世纪50年代南太平洋的蚊子之间存在很大的分子差异。GETV在动物中引起的疾病暴发数量随着受感染动物的种类增加而增加，从马、猪到牛、蓝狐和小熊猫。疾病负担被严重低估，对畜牧生产的经济成本仍然未知。在此，我们综述了GETV的时空分布、分子遗传进化、传播以及疾病暴发数据。这项工作为从事GETV研究和人畜共患疾病预防控制的公共卫生工作者提供了参考。
