Blanco Santos, Martínez-Lara Esther, Siles Eva, Peinado María Ángeles
Department of Experimental Biology, Campus de Las Lagunillas s/n, University of Jaén, Building B3, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Aug 19;14(8):1737. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081737.
Stroke is a global health and socio-economic problem. However, no efficient preventive and/or palliative treatments have yet been found. Neuroglobin (Ngb) is an endogen neuroprotective protein, but it only exerts its beneficial action against stroke after increasing its basal levels. Therefore, its systemic administration appears to be an efficient therapy applicable to stroke and other neurodegenerative pathologies. Unfortunately, Ngb cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), making its direct pharmacological use unfeasible. Thus, the association of Ngb with a drug delivery system (DDS), such as nanoparticles (NPs), appears to be a good strategy for overcoming this handicap. NPs are a type of DDS which efficiently transport Ngb and increase its bioavailability in the infarcted area. Hence, we previously built hyaluronate NPS linked to Ngb (Ngb-NPs) as a therapeutic tool against stroke. This nanoformulation induced an improvement of the cerebral infarct prognosis. However, this innovative therapy is still in development, and a more in-depth study focusing on its long-lasting neuroprotectant and neuroregenerative capabilities is needed. In short, this review aims to update the state-of-the-art of stroke therapies based on Ngb, paying special attention to the use of nanotechnological drug-delivering tools.
中风是一个全球性的健康和社会经济问题。然而，目前尚未找到有效的预防和/或姑息治疗方法。神经球蛋白（Ngb）是一种内源性神经保护蛋白，但只有在提高其基础水平后才能对中风发挥有益作用。因此，其全身给药似乎是一种适用于中风和其他神经退行性疾病的有效治疗方法。不幸的是，Ngb无法穿过血脑屏障（BBB），这使得其直接药理学应用不可行。因此，将Ngb与药物递送系统（DDS）（如纳米颗粒（NPs））结合似乎是克服这一障碍的好策略。NPs是一种DDS，可有效运输Ngb并提高其在梗死区域的生物利用度。因此，我们之前构建了与Ngb相连的透明质酸纳米颗粒（Ngb-NPs）作为治疗中风的工具。这种纳米制剂改善了脑梗死的预后。然而，这种创新疗法仍在研发中，需要更深入地研究其持久的神经保护和神经再生能力。简而言之，本综述旨在更新基于Ngb的中风治疗的最新进展，特别关注纳米技术药物递送工具的应用。
