Karpavičienė Birutė
Laboratory of Economic Botany, Nature Research Center, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 11;11(16):2093. doi: 10.3390/plants11162093.
Changes in people's dependence on the resources of the immediate natural environment and in the ways in which information is transmitted may result in the loss of some of the traditional knowledge of plants and their uses. In order to investigate and preserve this knowledge, a comprehensive ethnobotanical study was carried out in a little-studied ethnographic region. Knowledge about the plants used for treatment was collected through open-ended and semi-structured interviews in villages and small rural settlements in southwestern Lithuania. In total, 30 informants reported 103 plant and 1 lichen species. Although the survey was carried out in a small area, up to five local names per species were recorded. The most frequently used species were , , and . The largest number of plant species was used to treat digestive and respiratory system disorders. Wild plants were mentioned in 71.0% of all use reports, while a relatively higher proportion of cultivated plants was recorded among the new uses. Decoction and infusion were the most commonly used, while some unusual preparations have been recorded in past uses. Research showed that the diversity of plant species used for healing has declined over the last 20 years and that part of traditional ethnobotanical knowledge is disappearing.
人们对直接自然环境资源的依赖程度以及信息传播方式的变化，可能导致一些关于植物及其用途的传统知识失传。为了调查和保存这些知识，在一个研究较少的民族志地区开展了一项全面的民族植物学研究。通过在立陶宛西南部村庄和小型乡村定居点进行开放式和半结构化访谈，收集了有关用于治疗的植物的知识。总共，30名被调查者报告了103种植物和1种地衣物种。尽管调查是在一个小区域内进行的，但每种物种记录了多达五个当地名称。最常用的物种是 、 、 和 。使用植物种类最多的是治疗消化系统和呼吸系统疾病。在所有使用报告中，71.0%提到了野生植物，而在新用途中记录的栽培植物比例相对较高。煎剂和浸剂是最常用的，而在过去的用途中记录了一些不寻常的制剂。研究表明，过去20年来，用于治疗的植物物种多样性有所下降，部分传统民族植物学知识正在消失。
