Purmale Līva, Jēkabsone Astra, Andersone-Ozola Una, Karlsons Andis, Osvalde Anita, Ievinsh Gederts
Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia.
Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, 4 Ojāra Vācieša Str., LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 12;11(16):2104. doi: 10.3390/plants11162104.
The aim of the present study was to compare the tolerance to several heavy metals and their accumulation potential of subsp. accessions from relatively dry sandy soil habitats in the Baltic Sea region using both in vitro cultivated shoot explants and long-term soil-cultivated plants at the flowering stage as model systems. The hypothesis that was tested was that all accessions will show a relatively high heavy metal tolerance and a reasonable metal accumulation potential, but possibly to varying degrees. Under the conditions of the tissue culture, the explants accumulated extremely high concentration of Cd and Cu, leading to growth inhibition and eventual necrosis, but the accumulation of Pb in their tissues was limited. When grown in soil, the plants from different accessions showed a very high heavy metal tolerance, as the total biomass was not negatively affected by any of the treatments. The accumulation potential for heavy metals in soil-grown plants was high, with several significant accession- and metal-related differences. In general, the heavy metal accumulation potential in roots and older leaves was similar, except for Mn, which accumulated more in older leaves. The absolute higher values of the heavy metal concentrations reached in the leaves of soil-grown plants (500 mg Cd kg, 600 mg Cu kg, 12,000 mg Mn kg, 1500 mg Pb kg, and 15,000 mg Zn kg) exceeded the respective threshold values for hyperaccumulation. In conclusion, can be characterized by a species-wide heavy metal tolerance and accumulation potential, but with a relatively high intraspecies diversity.
本研究的目的是使用体外培养的茎段外植体和处于开花期的长期土壤栽培植物作为模型系统，比较波罗的海地区相对干燥沙质土壤生境中亚种种质对几种重金属的耐受性及其积累潜力。所检验的假设是，所有种质都将表现出相对较高的重金属耐受性和合理的金属积累潜力，但可能程度不同。在组织培养条件下，外植体积累了极高浓度的镉和铜，导致生长抑制并最终坏死，但其组织中铅的积累有限。当在土壤中生长时，不同种质的植物表现出非常高的重金属耐受性，因为任何处理都没有对总生物量产生负面影响。土壤栽培植物中重金属的积累潜力很高，存在几个与种质和金属相关的显著差异。一般来说，根和老叶中的重金属积累潜力相似，但锰除外，锰在老叶中积累更多。土壤栽培植物叶片中达到的重金属浓度的绝对较高值（500毫克镉/千克、600毫克铜/千克、12000毫克锰/千克、1500毫克铅/千克和15000毫克锌/千克）超过了各自的超积累阈值。总之，其特征可以是全物种范围内的重金属耐受性和积累潜力，但种内多样性相对较高。
