Khalili Naser, Oraei Mehdi, Gohari Gholamreza, Panahirad Sima, Nourafcan Hassan, Hano Christophe
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh 5315836511, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 5518183111, Iran.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 17;14(16):3349. doi: 10.3390/polym14163349.
Given the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on enhancing the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and especially anthocyanins at higher doses in grapes as well as some toxic effects of SA at higher doses, the use of nano-carriers and nano-forms could assist SA in enhancing the accumulation of these compounds while reducing its toxic activity. Chitosan (CTS) has gained attention as a safe transporter and control releaser for a variety of chemicals, particularly in the agriculture industry. In this regard, the nano-form combination of SA and CTS (CTS-SA NPs) could boost the effectiveness of SA, particularly at lower dosages. Therefore, in the present study, SA (10, 20 mM), CTS (0.1%), and CTS-SA NPs (10, 20 mM) were applied on grape ( L.) berries cv. Red Sultana at the pre-véraison stage to evaluate their actions on phenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins. The CTS-SA NPs treatments provided the highest results in terms of the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids (10 mM), anthocyanins (in particular oenin, the main anthocyanin of red grapes) (10 and 20 mM), and PAL enzyme activity (20 mM). In conclusion, the CTS-SA NPs could be applied as a potential effective elicitor for phenolics, particularly anthocyanin enhancement of grape berries at pre- véraison stage with synergistic effects between SA and CTS in nano-forms predominantly at lower doses.
鉴于水杨酸（SA）在较高剂量下对提高葡萄中酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物尤其是花青素的含量有作用，以及SA在较高剂量下存在一些毒性作用，使用纳米载体和纳米形式可以帮助SA在提高这些化合物积累量的同时降低其毒性活性。壳聚糖（CTS）作为多种化学物质的安全转运体和控释剂受到关注，尤其是在农业领域。在这方面，SA与CTS的纳米形式组合（CTS-SA纳米颗粒）可以提高SA的有效性，特别是在较低剂量时。因此，在本研究中，将SA（10、20 mM）、CTS（0.1%）和CTS-SA纳米颗粒（10、20 mM）在转色前期施用于葡萄（L.）品种红无核葡萄浆果上，以评估它们对酚类化合物尤其是花青素的作用。CTS-SA纳米颗粒处理在总酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物（10 mM）、花青素（特别是红葡萄的主要花青素oenin，10和20 mM）以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性（20 mM）方面取得了最高结果。总之，CTS-SA纳米颗粒可作为一种潜在的有效诱导剂，用于提高酚类物质含量，特别是在转色前期提高葡萄浆果的花青素含量，SA和CTS的纳米形式之间主要在较低剂量时具有协同效应。
