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基于泛基因组和反向疫苗学方法的多表位疫苗设计

Design of Multi-Epitope Vaccine for : Pan-Genome and Reverse Vaccinology Approach.

作者信息

Yousaf Maha, Ullah Asad, Sarosh Nida, Abbasi Sumra Wajid, Ismail Saba, Bibi Shabana, Hasan Mohammad Mehedi, Albadrani Ghadeer M, Talaat Nouh Nehal Ahmed, Abdulhakim Jawaher A, Abdel-Daim Mohamed M, Bin Emran Talha

机构信息

Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.

Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 27;10(8):1192. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081192.

Abstract

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a Gram-positive coccus responsible for the occurrence of cystitis in sexually active, young females. While effective antibiotics against this organism exist, resistant strains are on the rise. Therefore, prevention via vaccines appears to be a viable solution to address this problem. In comparison to traditional techniques of vaccine design, computationally aided vaccine development demonstrates marked specificity, efficiency, stability, and safety. In the present study, a novel, multi-epitope vaccine construct was developed against S. saprophyticus by targeting fully sequenced proteomes of its five different strains, which were examined using a pangenome and subtractive proteomic strategy to characterize prospective vaccination targets. The three immunogenic vaccine targets which were utilized to map the probable immune epitopes were verified by annotating the entire proteome. The predicted epitopes were further screened on the basis of antigenicity, allergenicity, water solubility, toxicity, virulence, and binding affinity towards the DRB*0101 allele, resulting in 11 potential epitopes, i.e., DLKKQKEKL, NKDLKKQKE, QDKLKDKSD, NVMDNKDLE, TSGTPDSQA, NANSDGSSS, GSDSSSSNN, DSSSSNNDS, DSSSSDRNN, SSSDRNNGD, and SSDDKSKDS. All these epitopes have the efficacy to cover 99.74% of populations globally. Finally, shortlisted epitopes were joined together with linkers and three different adjuvants to find the most stable and immunogenic vaccine construct. The top-ranked vaccine construct was further scrutinized on the basis of its physicochemical characterization and immunological profile. The non-allergenic and antigenic features of modeled vaccine constructs were initially validated and then subjected to docking with immune receptor major histocompatibility complex I and II (MHC-I and II), resulting in strong contact. In silico cloning validations yielded a codon adaptation index (CAI) value of 1 and an ideal percentage of GC contents (46.717%), indicating a putative expression of the vaccine in E. coli. Furthermore, immune simulation demonstrated that, after injecting the proposed MEVC, powerful antibodies were produced, resulting in the sharpest peaks of IgM + IgG formation (>11,500) within 5 to 15 days. Experimental testing against S. saprophyticus can evaluate the safety and efficacy of these prophylactic vaccination designs.

摘要

腐生葡萄球菌是一种革兰氏阳性球菌,可导致性活跃的年轻女性发生膀胱炎。虽然存在针对这种微生物的有效抗生素,但耐药菌株正在增加。因此,通过疫苗进行预防似乎是解决这一问题的可行办法。与传统的疫苗设计技术相比,计算机辅助疫苗开发具有显著的特异性、效率、稳定性和安全性。在本研究中,通过针对其五种不同菌株的全序列蛋白质组开发了一种新型的多表位疫苗构建体,使用泛基因组和减法蛋白质组学策略对其进行检测,以表征潜在的疫苗接种靶点。通过对整个蛋白质组进行注释,验证了用于绘制可能的免疫表位的三个免疫原性疫苗靶点。根据抗原性、致敏性、水溶性、毒性、毒力以及对DRB*0101等位基因的结合亲和力,对预测的表位进行进一步筛选,得到11个潜在表位,即DLKKQKEKL、NKDLKKQKE、QDKLKDKSD、NVMDNKDLE、TSGTPDSQA、NANSDGSSS、GSDSSSSNN、DSSSSNNDS、DSSSSDRNN、SSSDRNNGD和SSDDKSKDS。所有这些表位能够覆盖全球99.74%的人群。最后,将入围的表位与接头和三种不同的佐剂连接在一起,以找到最稳定和免疫原性最强的疫苗构建体。根据其物理化学特性和免疫学特征,对排名靠前的疫苗构建体进行了进一步审查。对模拟疫苗构建体的非致敏性和抗原性特征进行了初步验证,然后使其与免疫受体主要组织相容性复合体I和II(MHC-I和II)对接,产生了强烈的接触。电子克隆验证得出密码子适应指数(CAI)值为1,GC含量的理想百分比为46.717%,表明该疫苗在大肠杆菌中可能表达。此外,免疫模拟表明,注射所提出的多表位疫苗构建体后,会产生强大的抗体,在5至15天内产生IgM+IgG形成的最尖峰(>11,500)。针对腐生葡萄球菌的实验测试可以评估这些预防性疫苗接种设计的安全性和有效性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d418/9414393/aeabf10a4efd/vaccines-10-01192-g001.jpg

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