Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
Viruses. 2022 Aug 15;14(8):1776. doi: 10.3390/v14081776.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with the development of chronic liver diseases, e.g., fibrosis, cirrhosis, even hepatocellular carcinoma, and/or extra-hepatic diseases such as diabetes. As an obligatory intracellular pathogen, HCV absolutely relies on host cells to propagate and is able to modulate host cellular factors in favor of its replication. Indeed, lots of cellular factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), have been identified to be dysregulated during HCV infection. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate protein synthesis of their targeting mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level, usually by suppressing their target gene expression. The miRNAs dysregulated during HCV infection could directly or indirectly modulate HCV replication and/or induce liver diseases. Regulatory mechanisms of various miRNAs in HCV replication and pathogenesis have been characterized. Some dysregulated miRNAs have been considered as the biomarkers for the detection of HCV infection and/or HCV-related diseases. In this review, we intend to briefly summarize the identified miRNAs functioning at HCV replication and pathogenesis, focusing on the recent developments.
丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染与慢性肝脏疾病的发展有关，例如纤维化、肝硬化，甚至肝细胞癌，和/或肝外疾病如糖尿病。作为一种必需的细胞内病原体，HCV 完全依赖宿主细胞进行繁殖，并能够调节宿主细胞因子以利于其复制。事实上，许多细胞因子，包括 microRNAs（miRNAs），已被鉴定在 HCV 感染期间失调。miRNAs 是小的非编码 RNA，在转录后水平调节其靶 mRNA 的蛋白质合成，通常通过抑制靶基因的表达。在 HCV 感染期间失调的 miRNAs 可以直接或间接地调节 HCV 的复制和/或诱导肝脏疾病。各种 miRNAs 在 HCV 复制和发病机制中的调节机制已经得到了描述。一些失调的 miRNAs 已被认为是 HCV 感染和/或 HCV 相关疾病检测的生物标志物。在这篇综述中，我们旨在简要总结在 HCV 复制和发病机制中起作用的已鉴定的 miRNAs，重点介绍最新的研究进展。
