Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138672, Singapore.
Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore.
Viruses. 2022 Aug 16;14(8):1795. doi: 10.3390/v14081795.
Most pandemics of recent decades can be traced to RNA viruses, including HIV, SARS, influenza, dengue, Zika, and SARS-CoV-2. These RNA viruses impose considerable social and economic burdens on our society, resulting in a high number of deaths and high treatment costs. As these RNA viruses utilize an RNA genome, which is important for different stages of the viral life cycle, including replication, translation, and packaging, studying how the genome folds is important to understand virus function. In this review, we summarize recent advances in computational and high-throughput RNA structure-mapping approaches and their use in understanding structures within RNA virus genomes. In particular, we focus on the genome structures of the dengue, Zika, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses due to recent significant outbreaks of these viruses around the world.
近几十年来，大多数大流行疾病都可以追溯到 RNA 病毒，包括 HIV、SARS、流感、登革热、寨卡病毒和 SARS-CoV-2。这些 RNA 病毒给我们的社会带来了相当大的社会和经济负担，导致大量死亡和高昂的治疗费用。由于这些 RNA 病毒利用 RNA 基因组，这对于病毒生命周期的不同阶段，包括复制、翻译和包装，非常重要，因此研究基因组如何折叠对于理解病毒功能很重要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了计算和高通量 RNA 结构映射方法的最新进展，以及它们在理解 RNA 病毒基因组内结构方面的应用。特别是，我们专注于登革热、寨卡病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的基因组结构，因为这些病毒最近在全球范围内爆发。
