Lu Zhenghui, Li Xin, Rong Ming, Baker Julien S, Gu Yaodong
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Department of Sport and Physical Education, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Front Neurorobot. 2022 Aug 9;16:832005. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2022.832005. eCollection 2022.
Barbell squats are commonly used in daily training and rehabilitation. Injuries are not common when the posture is standard, but the wrong posture can lead to injuries. Rearfoot valgus is a common foot abnormality that may increase the risk of injury during sports. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanics of lower limbs in normal foot and valgus patients during barbell squat.
In this study, 10 participants with normal foot shape and 10 participants with rearfoot valgus were enrolled. The joint angle, joint moment, and range of motion of hip, knee, and ankle joints were collected under 0, 30, and 70% one-repetition maximum (RM) load, where discrete data are statistically analyzed using the independent sample -test, and continuous data are statistically analyzed using one-dimensional parameter statistical mapping.
In barbell squats, the range of motion and the joint moment of the hip, knee, and ankle in the rearfoot valgus participants were significantly larger than those in normal foot participants ( < 0.05). The participants with rearfoot valgus had a more significant knee valgus angle when squatting to the deepest ( < 0.05). In addition, with the increase in load, the participants with rearfoot valgus showed greater standardized medial knee contact force ( < 0.05). In the process of barbell squats, the participants with rearfoot valgus showed no significant difference in the foot valgus angle when compared with the normal foot shape ( > 0.05).
The valgus population showed a greater range of joint motion when performing barbell squats and showed genu valgus and greater medial knee contact force, which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal and soft tissue damage such as meniscus wear. In addition, there was no significant difference in the rearfoot valgus angle between people with rearfoot valgus and people with normal foot shape during squatting, so barbell squatting may correct valgus to a certain extent.
杠铃深蹲常用于日常训练和康复。姿势标准时受伤并不常见，但错误姿势会导致受伤。后足外翻是一种常见的足部异常，可能会增加运动时受伤的风险。本研究的目的是比较正常足和外翻患者在杠铃深蹲时下肢的生物力学。
本研究招募了10名足型正常的参与者和10名后足外翻的参与者。在0、30%和70%的一次重复最大值（RM）负荷下收集髋、膝和踝关节的关节角度、关节力矩和运动范围，其中离散数据采用独立样本t检验进行统计分析，连续数据采用一维参数统计映射进行统计分析。
在杠铃深蹲中，后足外翻参与者的髋、膝和踝关节的运动范围和关节力矩显著大于正常足参与者（P<0.05）。后足外翻参与者在蹲至最深时膝外翻角度更显著（P<0.05）。此外，随着负荷增加，后足外翻参与者的标准化内侧膝关节接触力更大（P<0.05）。在杠铃深蹲过程中，后足外翻参与者与正常足型参与者相比，足外翻角度无显著差异（P>0.05）。
外翻人群在进行杠铃深蹲时关节运动范围更大，表现出膝外翻和更大的内侧膝关节接触力，这可能会增加半月板磨损等肌肉骨骼和软组织损伤的风险。此外，后足外翻者与正常足型者在深蹲时后足外翻角度无显著差异，因此杠铃深蹲可能在一定程度上纠正外翻。
