Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.
Select Physical Therapy, Las Vegas, Nevada.
J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Mar;33(3):606-614. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001938.
Lee, S-P, Gillis, CB, Ibarra, JJ, Oldroyd, DF, and Zane, RS. Heel-raised foot posture does not affect trunk and lower extremity biomechanics during a barbell back squat in recreational weight lifters. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 606-614, 2019-It is claimed that weightlifting shoes with a raised heel may lead to a more upright trunk posture, and thus reduce the risk of back injuries during a barbell back squat. These proclaimed biomechanical effects have not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk and lower extremity biomechanics during barbell back squats in three foot postures. Fourteen recreational weight lifters (7 men and 7 women) between the ages of 18 and 50 years performed barbell back squats in three conditions (barefoot on a flat surface, barefoot on a heel-raised platform, and wearing heel-raised weightlifting shoes) at 80% of their 1 repetition maximum. Surface electromyography was used to assess the activation of the knee extensors and paraspinal muscles at L3 and T12 spinal levels. A 3D motion capture system and an electrogoniometer recorded the kinematics of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and knee during the back squat to a depth where the hip was at least at the same level to the knee. Results indicated that none of the heel-raised foot postures significantly affected trunk and lower extremity muscle activation (thoracolumbar paraspinal [p = 0.52], lumbar paraspinal [p = 0.179], knee extensor [p = 0.507]) or the trunk angles (thoracolumbar spine [p = 0.348], lumbar spine [p = 0.283]) during the squat. Our results demonstrated that during barbell back squats, heel-raised foot postures do not significantly affect spinal and knee extensor muscle activations, and trunk and knee kinematics. Heel-raised weightlifting shoes are unlikely to provide significant protection against back injuries for recreational weight lifters during the barbell back squat.
李，S-P，吉利斯，CB，伊巴拉，JJ，奥尔德罗伊德，DF，和赞恩，RS。在休闲举重运动员进行杠铃深蹲时，脚跟抬高的脚部姿势不会影响躯干和下肢的生物力学。J 力量与调节研究 33(3)：606-614，2019-有人声称，带凸起脚跟的举重鞋可能会导致更直立的躯干姿势，从而降低杠铃深蹲时背部受伤的风险。这些声称的生物力学效应尚未得到彻底研究。本研究的目的是比较三种脚部姿势下进行杠铃深蹲时躯干和下肢的生物力学。14 名 18 至 50 岁的休闲举重运动员（7 名男性和 7 名女性）在三种条件下（赤脚在平面上、赤脚在脚跟抬高平台上和穿着脚跟抬高举重鞋）进行杠铃深蹲，80%的 1 次最大重复。表面肌电图用于评估 L3 和 T12 脊柱水平的膝关节伸肌和脊柱旁肌肉的激活。3D 运动捕捉系统和电子角度计记录了背部深蹲时胸椎、腰椎和膝关节的运动学，直到髋关节至少与膝关节处于同一水平。结果表明，在任何脚跟抬高的脚部姿势下，躯干和下肢肌肉的激活（胸腰椎脊柱旁[P=0.52]，腰椎脊柱旁[P=0.179]，膝关节伸肌[P=0.507]）或躯干角度（胸腰椎脊柱[P=0.348]，腰椎脊柱[P=0.283]）在深蹲期间均无显著影响。我们的结果表明，在进行杠铃深蹲时，脚跟抬高的脚部姿势不会显著影响脊柱和膝关节伸肌的激活以及躯干和膝关节的运动学。对于休闲举重运动员来说，脚跟抬高的举重鞋不太可能在杠铃深蹲时提供对背部受伤的显著保护。
