Zhao Xiaofeng, Lei Mei, Wei Changhe, Guo Xiaoxia
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 15;852:158202. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158202. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
Phytoremediation is an effective way to remove metals from contaminated soil, and selecting remediation plants suitable for climate conditions is a prerequisite for effective phytoremediation. In this study, a MaxEnt model was applied to investigate the potential distribution and habitat suitability of three Cd-accumulating plants in China- Sedum alfredii, Phytolacca americana, and Hylotelephium spectabile and explore the key environmental factors that affect their habitat suitability. A total of 44 environmental parameters, including bioclimatic variables, altitude, and soil property parameters were used. The results showed that: (1) For S. alfredii, suitable areas account for 14.9 % of the area of China, which are mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. (2) The suitable areas of P. americana account for 22.7 % of China and are mainly located in the regions of the Qinling Mountains and the south of China. (3) While that for H. spectabile are mainly located in the regions of northeastern China and certain regions of central China, with suitable areas account for 8.3 % of the area of China. (4) The distribution of these three plants is significantly affected by precipitation; specifically, solar radiation is an influential factor for the distribution of S. alfredii and H. spectabile, and temperature limits the distribution of P. americana. The selection and agronomic management of hyperaccumulators for phytoremediation requires multifactor consideration (e.g., climate, soil conditions and planting patterns). The results can provide guidance for identifying suitable areas for planting these three accumulating plants, which could not only prevent the unscientific cultivation of them in unsuitable habitats but also enhance the efficiency of phytoremediation. Meanwhile, these findings are expected to contribute to agronomic management for improved phytoremediation effects in different Cd-contaminated regions of China.
植物修复是从受污染土壤中去除金属的有效方法，选择适合气候条件的修复植物是有效进行植物修复的前提。在本研究中，应用最大熵模型研究了中国三种镉积累植物——东南景天、美洲商陆和八宝景天的潜在分布和生境适宜性，并探讨了影响其生境适宜性的关键环境因素。总共使用了44个环境参数，包括生物气候变量、海拔和土壤性质参数。结果表明：（1）对于东南景天，适宜区域占中国面积的14.9%，主要分布在长江中下游地区。（2）美洲商陆的适宜区域占中国的22.7%，主要位于秦岭地区和中国南方。（3）而八宝景天的适宜区域主要位于中国东北地区和中部的某些地区，适宜区域占中国面积的8.3%。（4）这三种植物的分布受降水影响显著；具体而言，太阳辐射是影响东南景天和八宝景天分布的一个因素，温度限制了美洲商陆的分布。用于植物修复的超富集植物的选择和农艺管理需要多因素考虑（例如气候、土壤条件和种植模式）。研究结果可为确定这三种积累植物的适宜种植区域提供指导，这不仅可以防止它们在不适宜的生境中进行不科学的种植，还可以提高植物修复的效率。同时，这些发现有望为中国不同镉污染地区改善植物修复效果的农艺管理做出贡献。
