Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Neurosci. 2022 Oct;56(8):5235-5259. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15813. Epub 2022 Sep 11.
Our understanding of post-stroke language function is largely based on older age groups, who show increasing age-related brain pathology and neural reorganisation. To illustrate language outcomes in the young-adult brain, we present the case of J., a 23-year-old woman with chronic aphasia from a left-hemisphere stroke affecting the temporal lobe. Diffusion MRI-based tractography indicated that J.'s language-relevant white-matter structures were severely damaged. Employing magnetoencephalography (MEG), we explored J.'s conceptual preparation and word planning abilities using context-driven and bare picture-naming tasks. These revealed naming deficits, manifesting as word-finding difficulties and semantic paraphasias about half of the time. Naming was however facilitated by semantically constraining lead-in sentences. Altogether, this pattern indicates disrupted lexical-semantic and phonological retrieval abilities. MEG revealed that J.'s conceptual and naming-related neural responses were supported by the right hemisphere, compared to the typical left-lateralised brain response of a matched control. Differential recruitment of right-hemisphere structures (330-440 ms post-picture onset) was found concurrently during successful naming (right mid-to-posterior temporal lobe) and word-finding attempts (right inferior frontal gyrus). Disconnection of the temporal lobes via corpus callosum was not critical for recruitment of the right hemisphere in visually guided naming, possibly due to neural activity right lateralising from the outset. Although J.'s right hemisphere responded in a timely manner during word planning, its lexical and phonological retrieval abilities remained modest.
我们对中风后语言功能的理解在很大程度上基于年龄较大的群体，他们表现出与年龄相关的大脑病理学和神经重组的增加。为了说明年轻成人大脑中的语言结果，我们介绍了一位 23 岁女性 J. 的病例，她因左半球颞叶中风而患有慢性失语症。基于弥散磁共振成像的束追踪表明，J. 的语言相关白质结构受到严重损伤。我们采用脑磁图（MEG），通过语境驱动和裸图片命名任务，探索 J. 的概念准备和单词规划能力。这些任务显示了命名缺陷，表现为一半时间左右的单词寻找困难和语义错语。然而，通过语义约束引导句子，可以促进命名。总的来说，这种模式表明词汇语义和语音检索能力受损。与匹配对照组典型的左侧大脑反应相比，MEG 显示 J. 的概念和命名相关的神经反应得到了右侧半球的支持。在成功命名（右侧中后颞叶）和寻找单词（右侧下额回）期间，同时发现了右侧半球结构（图片呈现后 330-440 毫秒）的差异招募。尽管 J. 的右侧半球在视觉引导命名时及时做出反应，但它的词汇和语音检索能力仍然有限。尽管 J. 的右侧半球在单词规划时及时做出反应，但它的词汇和语音检索能力仍然有限。尽管 J. 的右侧半球在单词规划时及时做出反应，但它的词汇和语音检索能力仍然有限。尽管 J. 的右侧半球在单词规划时及时做出反应，但它的词汇和语音检索能力仍然有限。
