Coelho-Rocha Nina Dias, de Jesus Luís Cláudio Lima, Barroso Fernanda Alvarenga Lima, da Silva Tales Fernando, Ferreira Enio, Gonçalves José Eduardo, Dos Santos Martins Flaviano, de Oliveira Carvalho Rodrigo Dias, Barh Debmalya, Azevedo Vasco Ariston de Carvalho
Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
Department of General Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2023 Feb;15(1):160-174. doi: 10.1007/s12602-022-09978-6. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Beneficial effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains have been widely reported. Knowing that the effects of probiotic bacteria are strain-dependent, this study aimed to characterize the probiotic properties and investigate the gastrointestinal protective effects of nine novel L. plantarum strains isolated from Bahia, Brazil. The probiotic functionality was first evaluated in vitro by characterizing bile salt and acidic tolerance, antibacterial activity, and adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Antibiotic resistance profile, mucin degradation, and hemolytic activity assays were also performed to evaluate safety features. In vivo analyses were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the strains on a mouse model of 5-Fluorouracil-induced mucositis. Our results suggest that the used L. plantarum strains have good tolerance to bile salts and low pH and can inhibit commonly gastrointestinal pathogens. Lp2 and Lpl1 strains also exhibited high adhesion rates to Caco-2 cells (13.64 and 9.05%, respectively). Phenotypical resistance to aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and tetracycline was observed for most strains. No strain showed hemolytic or mucolytic activity. Seven strains had a protective effect against histopathological and inflammatory damage induced by 5-FU. Gene expression analysis of inflammatory markers showed that five strains upregulated interleukin 10 (Il10), while four downregulated both interleukin 6 (Il6) and interleukin 1b (Il1b). Additionally, all strains reduced eosinophilic and neutrophilic infiltration; however, they could not prevent weight loss or reduced liquid/ food intake. Altogether, our study suggests these Brazilian L. plantarum strains present good probiotic characteristics and safety levels for future applications and can be therapeutically adjuvant alternatives to prevent/treat intestinal mucositis.
植物乳杆菌菌株的有益作用已被广泛报道。鉴于益生菌的作用具有菌株依赖性，本研究旨在表征九株从巴西巴伊亚分离出的新型植物乳杆菌菌株的益生菌特性，并研究其对胃肠道的保护作用。首先通过表征胆盐耐受性、耐酸性、抗菌活性以及对Caco-2细胞的粘附性，在体外评估益生菌功能。还进行了抗生素抗性谱、粘蛋白降解和溶血活性测定以评估安全性。进行体内分析以研究这些菌株对5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的粘膜炎小鼠模型的抗炎作用。我们的结果表明，所使用的植物乳杆菌菌株对胆盐和低pH具有良好的耐受性，并且可以抑制常见的胃肠道病原体。Lp2和Lpl1菌株对Caco-2细胞也表现出较高的粘附率（分别为13.64%和9.05%）。大多数菌株对氨基糖苷类、万古霉素和四环素表现出表型抗性。没有菌株表现出溶血或溶粘蛋白活性。七株菌株对5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的组织病理学和炎症损伤具有保护作用。炎症标志物的基因表达分析表明，五株菌株上调白细胞介素10（Il10），而四株菌株下调白细胞介素6（Il6）和白细胞介素1β（Il1b）。此外，所有菌株均减少了嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞浸润；然而，它们无法防止体重减轻或液体/食物摄入量减少。总之，我们的研究表明，这些巴西植物乳杆菌菌株具有良好的益生菌特性和安全性，可用于未来的应用，并且可以作为预防/治疗肠道粘膜炎的治疗辅助替代品。
