CRISPR/Cas9 系统：现代生物学中一种可靠且简便的基因组编辑工具。
CRISPR/Cas9 system: a reliable and facile genome editing tool in modern biology.
机构信息
Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 185234, India.
Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India.
出版信息
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Dec;49(12):12133-12150. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07880-6. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
Genome engineering has always been a versatile technique in biological research and medicine, with several applications. In the last several years, the discovery of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 technology has swept the scientific community and revolutionised the speed of modern biology, heralding a new era of disease detection and rapid biotechnology discoveries. It enables successful gene editing by producing targeted double-strand breaks in virtually any organism or cell type. So, this review presents a comprehensive knowledge about the mechanism and structure of Cas9-mediated RNA-guided DNA targeting and cleavage. In addition, genome editing via CRISPR-Cas9 technology in various animals which are being used as models in scientific research including Non-Human Primates Pigs, Dogs, Zebra, fish and Drosophila has been discussed in this review. This review also aims to understand the applications, serious concerns and future perspective of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing.
基因组工程一直是生物学研究和医学中的一种多功能技术，有多种应用。在过去的几年中，CRISPR-Cas9 技术的发现席卷了科学界，彻底改变了现代生物学的速度，开创了疾病检测和快速生物技术发现的新时代。它通过在几乎任何生物体或细胞类型中产生靶向双链断裂，实现了成功的基因编辑。因此，本综述全面介绍了 Cas9 介导的 RNA 指导的 DNA 靶向和切割的机制和结构。此外，本文还讨论了 CRISPR-Cas9 技术在各种作为科学研究模型的动物中的基因组编辑，包括非人类灵长类动物、猪、狗、斑马鱼和果蝇。本综述还旨在了解 CRISPR/Cas9 介导的基因组编辑的应用、严重关切和未来展望。
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