Hærem Thorvald, Valaker Sigmund, Lofquist Eric Arne, Bakken Bjørn Tallak
Department of Organisation, Inland School of Business and Social Sciences, Rena, Norway.
Defence Systems, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2022 Aug 4;13:864749. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.864749. eCollection 2022.
There is an increasing interest in how to organize operations carried out by multiteam systems (MTS). Large MTS typically operate with a dedicated integration team, responsible for coordinating the operation. We report a study of a military multiteam system that prosecute time-sensitive targets. We asked whether and how the integration team's efficiency depends on its communication setting. Specifically, we studied how a co-located vs. a distributed communications setting influenced the shared situation awareness and whether the shared situation awareness again influenced the outcome of the decision processes. We found that performance fell when the integration team shifted from a co-located to a distributed setting. The fall in performance seemed to be mediated by a corresponding fall in situation awareness. Moreover, while the performance improved for each run in the co-located setting, we did not see such learning in the distributed setting. Qualitative observations revealed that misunderstandings lasted longer in a distributed configuration than in a co-located setting. We found that situation awareness at level 3 was the only level of situation awareness significant for predicting all dimensions of performance. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
人们对如何组织多团队系统（MTS）开展的行动越来越感兴趣。大型多团队系统通常由一个专门的整合团队运作，该团队负责协调行动。我们报告了一项对执行时间敏感任务的军事多团队系统的研究。我们探讨了整合团队的效率是否以及如何取决于其通信设置。具体而言，我们研究了同地办公与分布式通信设置如何影响共享态势感知，以及共享态势感知是否又会影响决策过程的结果。我们发现，当整合团队从同地办公模式转变为分布式模式时，绩效会下降。绩效的下降似乎是由态势感知的相应下降所介导的。此外，虽然在同地办公模式下每次运行的绩效都有所提高，但在分布式模式下我们并未看到这种学习效果。定性观察表明，在分布式配置中误解持续的时间比在同地办公模式下更长。我们发现，3级态势感知是唯一对预测绩效的所有维度都具有显著意义的态势感知水平。本文讨论了对理论、研究和实践的启示。
