Jia Xingli, Zhang Ye, Du Ao
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China.
Anhui Transportation Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei, China.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 13;8(8):e10118. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10118. eCollection 2022 Aug.
To quantify the impact of three-dimensional highway spatial characteristics on drivers' visual perception, this study analyzes the measurement points of highway spatial visual perception from the perspectives of spatial visual depression and spatial visual continuity based on spatial perception theory. Based on the hemispherical field of view, a spatial enclosure calculation method improved by "Distance/Height value" is proposed. A three-dimensional quantification model of the build-to-line ratio, including the vertical direction, was established using the relative relationship between the maximum section plane and the road area. Finally, a 3D real-scene model of the demonstration highway section was established, the proposed three-dimensional quantization method of visual perception of highway space was applied, and the road area landscape construction and promotion strategy is proposed based on the quantitative calculation results. The results show that: the overall landscape space of the highway section is undulating and that there is a lack of visual continuity. It is advisable to plant an appropriate amount of vegetation on the side of the road at 0 m-250 m and 500 m-700 m of the road section to reduce the fluctuation of its enclosure and enhance its spatial continuity. The improved quantitative results of the spatial enclosure degree and the three-dimensional build-to-line ratio can well characterize the spatial visual depression and the spatial visual continuity and can provide a basis and support for road space reorganization and the improvement of landscape construction.
为了量化三维公路空间特征对驾驶员视觉感知的影响，本研究基于空间感知理论，从空间视觉凹陷和空间视觉连续性的角度分析公路空间视觉感知的测量点。基于半球视野，提出了一种通过“距离/高度值”改进的空间围合计算方法。利用最大截面平面与道路面积的相对关系，建立了包括垂直方向在内的建筑线比三维量化模型。最后，建立了示范公路路段的三维实景模型，应用所提出的公路空间视觉感知三维量化方法，并根据定量计算结果提出了道路区域景观建设与提升策略。结果表明：该公路路段的整体景观空间起伏不平，视觉连续性不足。建议在路段0米至250米和500米至700米的道路一侧种植适量植被，以减少其围合度的波动，增强其空间连续性。改进后的空间围合度和三维建筑线比定量结果能够很好地表征空间视觉凹陷和空间视觉连续性，可为道路空间重组和景观建设改善提供依据和支撑。
