Ramadan Farah, Saab Raya, Hussein Nader, Clézardin Philippe, Cohen Pascale A, Ghayad Sandra E
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Front Oncol. 2022 Aug 11;12:971174. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971174. eCollection 2022.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma of skeletal muscle differentiation, with a predominant occurrence in children and adolescents. One of the major challenges facing treatment success is the presence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, commonly associated with the more aggressive fusion-positive subtype. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) can regulate gene transcription and translation, and their dysregulation has been associated with cancer development and progression. MicroRNA (miRNA) are short non-coding nucleic acid sequences involved in the regulation of gene expression that act by targeting messenger RNA (mRNA), and their aberrant expression has been associated with both RMS initiation and progression. Other ncRNA including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) have also been associated with RMS revealing important mechanistic roles in RMS biology, but these studies are still limited and require further investigation. In this review, we discuss the established roles of ncRNA in RMS differentiation, growth and progression, highlighting their potential use in RMS prognosis, as therapeutic agents or as targets of treatment.
横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）是一种具有骨骼肌分化特征的软组织肉瘤，主要发生于儿童和青少年。治疗成功面临的主要挑战之一是在诊断时存在转移性疾病，这通常与侵袭性更强的融合阳性亚型相关。非编码RNA（ncRNA）可调节基因转录和翻译，其失调与癌症的发生和发展有关。微小RNA（miRNA）是参与基因表达调控的短非编码核酸序列，通过靶向信使RNA（mRNA）发挥作用，其异常表达与RMS的发生和进展均有关。其他ncRNA，包括长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）、环状RNA（circRNA）和核糖体RNA（rRNA）也与RMS有关，揭示了它们在RMS生物学中的重要机制作用，但这些研究仍然有限，需要进一步调查。在本综述中，我们讨论了ncRNA在RMS分化、生长和进展中的既定作用，强调了它们在RMS预后、作为治疗药物或治疗靶点方面的潜在用途。
