Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Pediatric Unit, Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Jun 9;42:107. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.107.33050. eCollection 2022.
thumb sucking is one of the most common oral habits in infants and children. In our context, little is known about the effects of prolonged thumb sucking on the orofacial sphere. Objective: determine the prevalence of thumb sucking and, identify the morphologic and functional abnormalities of the orofacial sphere associated with the duration and frequency of thumb sucking in children aged 3 to 10 years.
a cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out in the pediatric units of the District Hospitals of Biyem-assi and Efoulan from February to June 2020 in children aged 3 to 10 years. Recruitment was consecutive, not probabilistic. After obtaining informed parental consent, a clinical examination was performed and the criteria retained were based on the ANGLE classification of the malocclusions. Socio-demographic, socio-economic, clinical characteristics were collected and morphological and functional abnormalities were observed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23.0. The significance threshold was set at 5%.
of the 116 enrolled children; 74 girls (63.79%) and 42 boys (36.21%) with a mean age of 4.80 ± 0.5 years. The highest proportion of thumb sucking was found in firstborn children (n=46, 39.65%), and in those who breastfed for less than 6 months (n=99, 85.62%). The prevalence of thumb sucking was 17.4%. Using the multivariate analysis, class II division 1 canine occlusion [OR=1.52 (1.27-2.68), p=0.03] and decreased overbite [OR=4.5 (2.5-9.3), p=0.001] while class II division 1 canine occlusion [OR=2.59 (1.3-10.1), p=0.009] and increased overjet [OR=1.89 (1.06-6.75), p=0.005] were independent morphologic abnormalities significantly associated with the frequency and the duration of thumb sucking respectively. There was no association between the duration and frequency of thumb sucking and the functional abnormalities.
thumb sucking is more common in girls and the likelihood of thumb sucking decreases with age. The prevalence of thumb sucking was 17.4%. The malocclusions observed in our population are class II division 1 canine relationship, decreased overbite and increased overjet.
吮吸拇指是婴儿和儿童最常见的口腔习惯之一。在我们的环境中，对于长期吮吸拇指对口腔球的影响知之甚少。目的：确定吮吸拇指的流行率，并确定与 3 至 10 岁儿童吮吸拇指的频率和持续时间相关的口腔球的形态和功能异常。
2020 年 2 月至 6 月，在比耶姆-阿西和埃富兰地区医院的儿科病房进行了一项横断面和分析性研究，纳入了 3 至 10 岁的儿童。招募是连续的，不是概率的。在获得家长知情同意后，进行了临床检查，保留的标准基于错畸形的 ANGLE 分类。收集了社会人口统计学、社会经济学、临床特征，并观察了形态和功能异常。使用 SPSS 软件版本 23.0 进行统计分析。显著性阈值设为 5%。
在纳入的 116 名儿童中；74 名女孩（63.79%）和 42 名男孩（36.21%），平均年龄为 4.80±0.5 岁。吮吸拇指的比例最高的是头胎儿童（n=46，39.65%）和母乳喂养时间少于 6 个月的儿童（n=99，85.62%）。吮吸拇指的流行率为 17.4%。使用多变量分析，发现 1 类 2 分类犬齿错[OR=1.52（1.27-2.68），p=0.03]和覆减小[OR=4.5（2.5-9.3），p=0.001]，而 1 类 2 分类犬齿错[OR=2.59（1.3-10.1），p=0.009]和覆盖增加[OR=1.89（1.06-6.75），p=0.005]与吮吸拇指的频率和持续时间呈独立的形态学异常相关。吮吸拇指的频率和持续时间与功能异常之间没有关联。
吮吸拇指在女孩中更为常见，随着年龄的增长，吮吸拇指的可能性降低。吮吸拇指的流行率为 17.4%。我们人群中观察到的错畸形是 1 类 2 分类犬齿关系、覆减小和覆盖增加。
