Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.
Addict Behav. 2023 Jan;136:107467. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107467. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
Smoking cessation treatments that are easily accessible and deliver intervention content at vulnerable moments (e.g., high negative affect) have great potential to impact tobacco abstinence. The current study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a multi-component Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention (JITAI) for smoking cessation. Daily smokers interested in quitting were consented to participate in a 6-week cessation study. Visit 1 occurred 4 days pre-quit, Visit 2 was on the quit day, Visit 3 occurred 3 days post-quit, Visit 4 was 10 days post-quit, and Visit 5 was 28 days post-quit. During the first 2 weeks (Visits 1-4), the JITAI delivered brief mindfulness/motivational strategies via smartphone in real-time based on negative affect or smoking behavior detected by wearable sensors. Participants also attended 5 in-person visits, where brief cessation counseling (Visits 1-4) and nicotine replacement therapy (Visits 2-5) were provided. Outcomes were feasibility and acceptability; biochemically-confirmed abstinence was also measured. Participants (N = 43) were 58.1 % female (Age = 49.1, mean cigarettes per day = 15.4). Retention through follow-up was high (83.7 %). For participants with available data (n = 38), 24 (63 %) met the benchmark for sensor wearing, among whom 16 (67 %) completed at least 60 % of strategies. Perceived ease of wearing sensors (Mean = 5.1 out of 6) and treatment satisfaction (Mean = 3.6 out of 4) were high. Biochemically-confirmed abstinence was 34 % at Visit 4 and 21 % at Visit 5. Overall, the feasibility of this novel multi-component intervention for smoking cessation was mixed but acceptability was high. Future studies with improved technology will decrease participant burden and better detect key intervention moments.
戒烟治疗方法如果易于获取，并能在易受影响的时刻（例如，负面情绪高）提供干预内容，那么对戒烟有很大的影响。本研究旨在探讨一种多成分即时自适应干预（JITAI）戒烟方法的可行性和可接受性。对有戒烟意愿的每日吸烟者进行同意参与为期 6 周的戒烟研究。第 1 次就诊发生在戒烟前 4 天，第 2 次就诊是在戒烟日，第 3 次就诊是在戒烟后 3 天，第 4 次就诊是在戒烟后 10 天，第 5 次就诊是在戒烟后 28 天。在最初的 2 周（就诊 1-4），JITAI 根据可穿戴传感器检测到的负面情绪或吸烟行为，通过智能手机实时提供简短的正念/动机策略。参与者还参加了 5 次面对面的就诊，在那里提供了简短的戒烟咨询（就诊 1-4）和尼古丁替代疗法（就诊 2-5）。结果是可行性和可接受性；同时还测量了生物化学确认的戒烟率。参与者（N=43）中 58.1%为女性（年龄=49.1，平均每天吸烟量=15.4）。通过随访的保留率很高（83.7%）。对于有可用数据的参与者（n=38），24 名（63%）达到了传感器佩戴的基准，其中 16 名（67%）完成了至少 60%的策略。佩戴传感器的便利性感知（均值=6 分中的 5 分）和治疗满意度（均值=4 分中的 3.6 分）都很高。第 4 次就诊时的生物化学确认戒烟率为 34%，第 5 次就诊时的戒烟率为 21%。总的来说，这种新型多成分戒烟干预方法的可行性参差不齐，但可接受性较高。未来的研究将改进技术，以降低参与者的负担并更好地检测关键的干预时刻。
