Hatz B, Stahel E, Weiss N, Degrémont A
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1978 Sep 30;108(39):1495-9.
In recent years there has been an increase in imported tropical diseases in Switzerland. Travellers to the tropics are often inadequately or not at all informed about the dangers and possible prophylaxis of infection. This is true for malaria, of which 207 cases covering the years 1974 to 1976 are studied. Most involved were people between 21 and 30 years old. The main infections (71%) come from African countries. Plasmodium falciparum was found somewhat more frequently than P. vivax. Only a seventh of those infected took chemoprophylaxis regularly. Very many took irregular prophylaxis, while scarcely a third ever took an antimalarial drug. All the severe cases were in this group. A review is conducted of aspects of malaria in Switzerland, a country where the disease is not endemic. However, as it can be brought in at any time from tropical areas, it must be considered in the diagnosis of various clinical pictures. As the characteristic course of the fever is rare and onset of the disease often follows later than a month after the return from the infection area, malaria is only recognized late. The diagnosis is nevertheless relatively easy if the possibility of malaria is borne in mind.
近年来，瑞士输入性热带疾病有所增加。前往热带地区的旅行者往往对感染的危险和可能的预防措施了解不足或一无所知。疟疾就是如此，本文研究了1974年至1976年期间的207例疟疾病例。其中涉及最多的是21至30岁的人群。主要感染（71%）来自非洲国家。恶性疟原虫的发现频率略高于间日疟原虫。只有七分之一的感染者定期进行化学预防。很多人进行不定期预防，而几乎只有三分之一的人曾服用抗疟药物。所有重症病例都在这一组。本文对瑞士的疟疾情况进行了综述，瑞士并非疟疾流行国家。然而，由于该病随时可能从热带地区传入，在诊断各种临床症状时必须予以考虑。由于疟疾发热的典型病程很少见，且发病时间往往在从感染地区返回一个月后才出现，因此疟疾往往很晚才被发现。不过，如果考虑到疟疾的可能性，诊断相对容易。
