History and development of sex- and gender sensitive medicine (SGSM).

Sex- and gender-sensitive medicine has evolved from a feminist approach into an innovative cross-cutting approach to doing medicine. In the present chapter we define what sex and gender are in the context of biomedical research and describe the history of the development of this scientific approach. Looking back at crucial events in the U.S.A., Canada and Europe, we will outline how a structural framework has been established, ready to be filled with clinical and applied knowledge and to change the practice of medicine for decades to come.