Mompeó-Corredera Blanca, Hernández-Morera Pablo, Castaño-González Irene, Quintana-Montesdeoca María Del Pino, Mederos-Real Natalia
Department of Morphology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
IUMA Information and Communication Systems, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Anat Cell Biol. 2022 Sep 30;55(3):330-340. doi: 10.5115/acb.22.072. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
The renal artery is frequently involved in the pathogenesis of vasculorenal diseases, and it is a target in kidney surgery and therapeutic techniques for refractory hypertension. However, few detailed structural studies on the human renal artery have been conducted. Using histocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative image analysis, the wall thickness, structure, smooth muscle cells, extracellular matrix, and proportion of elastic tissue in the tunica media of main human renal arteries were used estimated. Ninety-six tissue samples were collected from sections of the right and left main renal arteries. The results showed that the renal artery changed from an elastic vessel in its proximal segment to a muscular artery in its distal part. A critical characteristic of the renal artery was the presence of longitudinal smooth muscle cell formations in the tunica adventitia of middle and distal segments but not in the proximal part of the artery. In addition, the tunica adventitia of the renal artery showed a rich vascularization and the presence of numerous nerves profiles. The artery's regional structural and morphometric features explain that a particular arterial pathology is more frequent in a specific vessel sector than in others. In addition, those characteristics could determine a different therapeutic response attending to the arterial sector.
肾动脉常参与血管性肾病的发病机制，并且是肾脏手术和难治性高血压治疗技术的靶点。然而，针对人类肾动脉的详细结构研究却很少。本研究利用组织细胞化学、免疫组织化学和定量图像分析技术，对人类主要肾动脉中膜的壁厚、结构、平滑肌细胞、细胞外基质及弹性组织比例进行了评估。从左右主肾动脉切片中采集了96个组织样本。结果显示，肾动脉在近端为弹性血管，在远端则转变为肌性动脉。肾动脉的一个关键特征是，在中、远端外膜存在纵向平滑肌细胞结构，而近端则没有。此外，肾动脉外膜血管丰富，有大量神经束。动脉的区域结构和形态学特征表明，特定的动脉病变在特定血管段比其他部位更常见。此外，这些特征可能决定不同动脉段的治疗反应有所差异。
