Tong Yubing, Udupa Jayaram K, Hao You, Xie Lipeng, McDonough Joseph M, Wu Caiyun, Lott Carina, Clark Abigail, Anari Jason B, Torigian Drew A, Cahill Patrick J
Medical Image Processing Group, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
The Wyss/Campbell Center for Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2022 Feb-Mar;12034. doi: 10.1117/12.2612117. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Quantitative thoracic dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (QdMRI), a recently developed technique, provides a potential solution for evaluating treatment effects in thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS). In this paper, we integrate all related algorithms and modules during our work from the past 10 years on TIS into one system, named QdMRI, to address the following questions: (1) How to effectively acquire dynamic images? For many TIS patients, subjects are unable to cooperate with breathing instructions during image acquisition. Image acquisition can only be implemented under free-breathing conditions, and it is not feasible to use a surrogate device for tracing breathing signals. (2) How to assess the thoracic structures from the acquired image, such as lungs, left and right, separately? (3) How to depict the dynamics of thoracic structures due to respiration motion? (4) How to use the structural and functional information for the quantitative evaluation of surgical TIS treatment and for the design of the surgery plan? The QdMRI system includes 4 major modules: dynamic MRI (dMRI) acquisition, 4D image construction, image segmentation (from 4D image), and visualization of segmentation results, dynamic measurements, and comparisons of measurements from TIS patients with those from normal children. Scanning/image acquisition time for one subject is ~20 minutes, 4D image construction time is ~5 minutes, image segmentation of lungs via deep learning is 70 seconds for all time points (with the average DICE 0.96 in healthy children), and measurement computation time is 2 seconds.
定量胸部动态磁共振成像（QdMRI）是一项最近开发的技术，为评估胸廓发育不全综合征（TIS）的治疗效果提供了一种潜在的解决方案。在本文中，我们将过去10年在TIS研究工作中所有相关算法和模块整合到一个名为QdMRI的系统中，以解决以下问题：（1）如何有效地获取动态图像？对于许多TIS患者，在图像采集过程中无法配合呼吸指令。图像采集只能在自由呼吸条件下进行，使用替代设备追踪呼吸信号并不可行。（2）如何从采集到的图像中分别评估胸部结构，如左右肺？（3）如何描绘由于呼吸运动导致的胸部结构动态变化？（4）如何利用结构和功能信息对TIS手术治疗进行定量评估以及设计手术方案？QdMRI系统包括4个主要模块：动态磁共振成像（dMRI）采集、四维图像构建、（从四维图像进行）图像分割以及分割结果的可视化、动态测量以及TIS患者与正常儿童测量结果的比较。一名受试者的扫描/图像采集时间约为20分钟，四维图像构建时间约为5分钟，通过深度学习对所有时间点的肺部进行图像分割耗时70秒（在健康儿童中平均DICE为0.96），测量计算时间为2秒。
