Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2022 Dec 1;14(12):a041216. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041216.
Monocytes/macrophages are key components of the body's innate ability to restore tissue function after injury. In most tissues, both embryo-derived tissue-resident macrophages and recruited blood monocyte-derived macrophages contribute to the injury response. The developmental origin of injury-associated macrophages has a major impact on the outcome of the healing process. Macrophages are abundant at all stages of repair and coordinate the progression through the different phases of healing. They are highly plastic cells that continuously adapt to their environment and acquire phase-specific activation phenotypes. Advanced omics methodologies have revealed a vast heterogeneity of macrophage activation phenotypes and metabolic status at injury sites in different organs. In this review, we highlight the role of the developmental origin, the link between the wound phase-specific activation state and metabolic reprogramming as well as the fate of macrophages during the resolution of the wounding response.
单核细胞/巨噬细胞是机体在受伤后恢复组织功能的固有能力的关键组成部分。在大多数组织中，胚胎来源的组织驻留巨噬细胞和募集的血液单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞都有助于损伤反应。损伤相关巨噬细胞的发育起源对愈合过程的结果有重大影响。巨噬细胞在修复的所有阶段都很丰富，并协调通过愈合的不同阶段的进展。它们是高度可塑性的细胞，不断适应其环境并获得特定于相的激活表型。先进的组学方法已经揭示了不同器官损伤部位巨噬细胞激活表型和代谢状态的巨大异质性。在这篇综述中，我们强调了发育起源、伤口相特异性激活状态与代谢重编程之间的联系以及巨噬细胞在伤口反应消退过程中的命运的作用。
