Daneshi Nahid, Bahmaie Nazila, Esmaeilzadeh Abdolreza
School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Cyprus.
Cell J. 2022 Jul 27;24(7):353-363. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7643.
Although recent progress in medicine has substantially reduced cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-related mortalities, current therapeutics have failed miserably to be beneficial for all patients with CVDs. A wide array of evidence suggests that newly-introduced cell-free treatments (CFTs) have more reliable results in the improvement of cardiac function. The main regeneration activity of CFTs protocols is based on bypassing cells and using paracrine factors. In this article, we aim to compare various stem cell secretomes, a part of a CFTs strategy, to generalize their effective clinical outcomes for patients with CVDs. Data for this review article were collected from 70 published articles (original, review, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and case reports/series studies done on human and animals) obtained from Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, and Google Scholar) from 2015 to April 2020 using six keywords. Full-text/full-length articles, abstract, section of book, chapter, and conference papers in English language were included. Studies with irrelevant/insufficient/data, or undefined practical methods were excluded. CFTs approaches involved in growth factors (GFs); gene-based therapies; microRNAs (miRNAs); extracellular vesicles (EVs) [exosomes (EXs) and microvesicles (MVs)]; and conditioned media (CM). EXs and CM have shown more remarkable results than stem cell therapy (SCT). GF-based therapies have useful results as well as side effects like pathologic angiogenesis. Cell source, cell's aging and CM affect secretomes. Genetic manipulation of stem cells can change the secretome's components. Growing progression to end stage heart failure (HF), propounds CFTs as an advantageous method with practical and clinical values for replacement of injured myocardium, and induction of neovascularization. To elucidate the secrets behind amplifying the expansion rate of cells, increasing life-expectancy, and improving quality of life (QOL) for patients with ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), collaboration among cell biologist, basic medical scientists, and cardiologists is highly recommended.
尽管医学领域最近取得的进展已大幅降低了心血管疾病（CVD）相关的死亡率，但目前的治疗方法在使所有心血管疾病患者受益方面却惨遭失败。大量证据表明，新引入的无细胞治疗（CFT）在改善心脏功能方面具有更可靠的效果。CFT方案的主要再生活性基于绕过细胞并使用旁分泌因子。在本文中，我们旨在比较各种干细胞分泌组（CFT策略的一部分），以概括其对心血管疾病患者的有效临床结果。这篇综述文章的数据来自于2015年至2020年4月期间从Cochrane、Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus、Elsevier和谷歌学术搜索中获取的70篇已发表文章（原创、综述、随机临床试验（RCT）以及对人类和动物进行的病例报告/系列研究），使用了六个关键词。纳入了英文的全文/全长文章、摘要、书籍章节、章节以及会议论文。排除了无关/数据不足或实践方法不明确的研究。CFT方法涉及生长因子（GF）；基于基因的疗法；微小RNA（miRNA）；细胞外囊泡（EV）[外泌体（EX）和微囊泡（MV）]；以及条件培养基（CM）。EX和CM已显示出比干细胞疗法（SCT）更显著的结果。基于GF的疗法既有有用的效果，也有诸如病理性血管生成等副作用。细胞来源、细胞衰老和CM会影响分泌组。干细胞的基因操作可以改变分泌组的成分。随着进展到终末期心力衰竭（HF），CFT作为一种具有实用和临床价值的有利方法，可用于替代受损心肌和诱导新血管形成。为了阐明提高细胞扩增率、延长缺血性心脏病（IHD）患者预期寿命和改善生活质量（QOL）背后的秘密，强烈建议细胞生物学家、基础医学科学家和心脏病学家之间开展合作。
