Huang Hongyun, Sharma Hari Shanker, Chen Lin, Chen Di
Research Department, Beijing Hongtianji Neuroscience Academy, Beijing 100143, China.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Int. Exp. CNS Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2023;22(7):1031-1038. doi: 10.2174/1871527321666220827093805.
Neurorestorative treatments have been able to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from neurological diseases and damages since the concept of Neurorestoratology was proposed. The discipline of Neurorestoratology focuses on restoring impaired neurological functions and/or structures through varying neurorestorative mechanisms including neurostimulation or neuromodulation, neuroprotection, neuroplasticity, neuroreplacement, loop reconstruction, remyelination, immunoregulation, angiogenesis or revascularization, neuroregeneration or neurogenesis and others. The neurorestorative strategies of Neurorestoratology include all therapeutic methods which can restore dysfunctions for patients with neurological diseases and improve their quality of life. Neurorestoratology is different from regenerative medicine in the nervous system, which mainly focuses on the neuroregeneration. It also is different from Neurorehabilitation. Neurorestoratology and Neurorehabilitation share some functional recovering mechanisms, such as neuroplasticity, especially in the early phase of neurological diseases; but generally Neurorehabilitation mainly focuses on recovering neurological functions through making the best use of residual neurological functions, replacing lost neurological functions in the largest degree, and preventing and treating varying complications. Recently, there have been more advances in restoring damaged nerves by cell therapy, neurostimulation/neuromodulation and braincomputer interface (BCI), neurorestorative surgery, neurorestorative pharmaceutics, and other clinic strategies. Simultaneously related therapeutic guidelines and standards are set up in succession. Based on those advances, clinicians should consider injured and degenerated nervous disorders or diseases in the central nervous system as treatable or neurorestorative disorders. Extending and encouraging further neurorestorative explorations and achieving better clinical efficacy with stronger evidence regarding neurorestoratology will shed new light and discover superior benefits for patients with neurological disorders.
自神经修复学概念提出以来，神经修复治疗已能够改善患有神经疾病和损伤的患者的生活质量。神经修复学学科专注于通过多种神经修复机制恢复受损的神经功能和/或结构，这些机制包括神经刺激或神经调节、神经保护、神经可塑性、神经替代、环路重建、髓鞘再生、免疫调节、血管生成或血管再通、神经再生或神经发生等。神经修复学的神经修复策略包括所有能够恢复神经疾病患者功能障碍并改善其生活质量的治疗方法。神经修复学不同于主要关注神经再生的神经系统再生医学。它也不同于神经康复。神经修复学和神经康复有一些共同的功能恢复机制，如神经可塑性，尤其是在神经疾病的早期阶段；但一般来说，神经康复主要侧重于通过充分利用残余神经功能、最大程度替代丧失的神经功能以及预防和治疗各种并发症来恢复神经功能。最近，在通过细胞治疗、神经刺激/神经调节和脑机接口（BCI）、神经修复手术、神经修复药物以及其他临床策略修复受损神经方面取得了更多进展。同时，相继制定了相关治疗指南和标准。基于这些进展，临床医生应将中枢神经系统中的损伤和退行性神经疾病视为可治疗或可神经修复的疾病。扩展并鼓励进一步的神经修复探索，并以更有力的神经修复学证据实现更好的临床疗效，将为神经疾病患者带来新的希望并发现更大的益处。
