MRC-Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, U.K.
Biosci Rep. 2022 Sep 30;42(9). doi: 10.1042/BSR20210848.
Cell homeostasis is maintained in all organisms by the constant adjustment of cell constituents and organisation to account for environmental context. Fine-tuning of the optimal balance of proteins for the conditions, or protein homeostasis, is critical to maintaining cell homeostasis. Actin, a major constituent of the cytoskeleton, forms many different structures which are acutely sensitive to the cell environment. Furthermore, actin structures interact with and are critically important for the function and regulation of multiple factors involved with mRNA and protein production and degradation, and protein regulation. Altogether, actin is a key, if often overlooked, regulator of protein homeostasis across eukaryotes. In this review, we highlight these roles and how they are altered following cell stress, from mRNA transcription to protein degradation.
细胞内环境的稳定是通过不断调整细胞成分和组织以适应环境来维持的。精细调节蛋白质的最佳平衡以适应环境，即蛋白质内稳，对于维持细胞内环境的稳定至关重要。肌动蛋白是细胞骨架的主要成分，形成许多不同的结构，这些结构对细胞环境非常敏感。此外，肌动蛋白结构与涉及 mRNA 和蛋白质产生和降解以及蛋白质调节的多种因素相互作用，并对其功能和调节至关重要。总的来说，肌动蛋白是真核生物蛋白质内稳的关键调节因子，尽管它经常被忽视。在这篇综述中，我们强调了这些作用，以及它们在细胞应激后的变化，从 mRNA 转录到蛋白质降解。
