中国儿童超重和肥胖患病率的时间趋势和差异。
Time trends and disparities in combined overweight and obesity prevalence among children in China.
机构信息
Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
出版信息
Nutr Bull. 2022 Sep;47(3):288-297. doi: 10.1111/nbu.12576. Epub 2022 Aug 16.
This study aims to examine the trends and disparities in the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among children in China by regions and specific groups over the last 30 years. PubMed, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP database, official websites of national governments and professional institutions/associations were systematically searched, for related reports and studies published up until December 2021. Reports based on nationally representative survey data were also examined and included. In mainland China, overweight and obesity decreased in pre-school children (≤6 years old) and increased in school-aged children (7-18 years old) between 2010 and 2013 to 2015 and 2017, but long-term trends predict future increases in both groups. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary school students in Hong Kong dropped from 21.4% in 2007-2008 to 17.6% in 2016-2017. In Macao, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-18 years was reported by age stratification; the lowest and highest prevalence was 13.4%, 29.3% and 9.2%, 21.7% for boys and girls in latest survey in 2015, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary, middle and high school students in Taiwan dropped from 28.2%, 27.1% and 31.1% in 2010 to 26.7%, 25.2% and 26.7% in 2013, respectively. Furthermore, in mainland China, the prevalence in rural left-behind boys and girls was 10.7% and 7.0%, respectively, in 2011, and the prevalence among migrant pre-school children was about 5.0% around 2010. In summary, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children has increased in mainland China and Macao, but decreased in Hong Kong and Taiwan prior to 2017. The projections suggest that the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children will be in rural children in the future. These factors need to be considered when formulating and implementing national policies and programmes to fight overweight and obesity.
本研究旨在考察过去 30 年来中国不同地区和特定人群儿童超重和肥胖合并患病率的变化趋势和差异。通过系统检索 PubMed、万方、CNKI、VIP 数据库、各国政府官方网站和专业机构/协会，查阅并纳入了截至 2021 年 12 月发表的相关报告和研究。还对基于全国代表性调查数据的报告进行了研究和纳入。在中国大陆，2010 年至 2013 年至 2015 年和 2017 年，学龄前儿童（≤6 岁）的超重和肥胖率下降，而学龄儿童（7-18 岁）的超重和肥胖率上升，但长期趋势表明未来两组人群的超重和肥胖率都将上升。2007-2008 年至 2016-2017 年，香港小学生的超重和肥胖率从 21.4%下降至 17.6%。在澳门，按年龄分层报告了 6-18 岁儿童超重和肥胖的流行率；2015 年最新调查中男孩和女孩的最低和最高流行率分别为 13.4%、29.3%和 9.2%、21.7%。台湾中小学生的超重和肥胖率从 2010 年的 28.2%、27.1%和 31.1%分别下降到 2013 年的 26.7%、25.2%和 26.7%。此外，在中国大陆，2011 年农村留守男孩和女孩的超重率分别为 10.7%和 7.0%，2010 年左右流动学龄前儿童的超重率约为 5.0%。总之，中国大陆和澳门的学龄儿童超重和肥胖率有所上升，而香港和台湾在 2017 年之前有所下降。预测表明，未来农村儿童学龄前儿童的超重和肥胖率将达到最高。在制定和实施防治超重和肥胖的国家政策和方案时，需要考虑到这些因素。
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