Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Chair and Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2022 Sep 1;28:e936857. doi: 10.12659/MSM.936857.
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancers (HNC) are the 7th most prevalent neoplasms in the world. In 50% of these patients, body weight loss and malnutrition are observed before the beginning of therapy. It is known that an important role in the pathomechanism of malnutrition and cachexia is played by the development of inflammation, degradation of muscle fibers, and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). It was demonstrated that even a slight increase in irisin concentration leads to browning of WAT. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 50 patients with HNC. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed by the Nutritional Risk Score 2002 (NRS 2002) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scales. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), the parameters fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were obtained. RESULTS Higher irisin values (1.57 vs 1.18 [ng/ml], P=0.0004) were observed in patients with higher nutritional risk (≥3) evaluated according to the NRS scale. In patients assessed as B or C on the SGA scale, higher values of irisin concentration (1.38 vs 1.07 [ng/ml], P=0.0139) were noted. It was also observed that the level of irisin before treatment was negatively correlated (rho=-0.30, p=0.0350) with FM% and was positively correlated (rho=0.30, p=0.0340) with FFM% in BIA measurements performed after the 7th cycle of RTH. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we conclude that patients with malnutrition tend to have higher irisin values compared to normally nourished patients. A high level of irisin may be a useful marker of malnutrition in patients with HNC.
头颈部癌症（HNC）是世界上第 7 种最常见的肿瘤。在这些患者中的 50%，在开始治疗之前就观察到体重减轻和营养不良。众所周知，炎症的发展、肌肉纤维的降解和白色脂肪组织（WAT）的褐变在营养不良和恶病质的发病机制中起着重要作用。已经证明，即使是瘦素浓度的轻微增加也会导致 WAT 的褐变。
该研究组包括 50 名 HNC 患者。患者的营养状况通过营养风险评分 2002 （NRS 2002）和主观整体评估（SGA）量表进行评估。使用生物电阻抗分析（BIA），获得脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM）等参数。
根据 NRS 评分，营养风险较高（≥3）的患者（1.57 对 1.18[ng/ml]，P=0.0004）观察到较高的瘦素值。在 SGA 评分评估为 B 或 C 的患者中，也观察到较高的瘦素浓度（1.38 对 1.07[ng/ml]，P=0.0139）。还观察到，在 RTH 的第 7 个周期后进行的 BIA 测量中，治疗前的瘦素水平与 FM%呈负相关（rho=-0.30，p=0.0350），与 FFM%呈正相关（rho=0.30，p=0.0340）。
基于这些结果，我们得出结论，与营养良好的患者相比，营养不良的患者往往具有更高的瘦素值。高水平的瘦素可能是 HNC 患者营养不良的有用标志物。
